Nanguan
| Yaɣ sheli | Chinese classical music  |
|---|---|
| Tingbani shɛli din yina | China |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00199, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00199, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00199 |
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Nanguan (Chinese: 南管; pinyin: Nánguǎn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâm-kóan; lit. 'southern pipes'; bɛ ni lahi booni shɛli nanyin, nanyue, xianguan, bee nanqu) Chinese yila bee binkumda balishɛli din yina southern Chinese tiŋgbani yaɣili din be Fujian.[1] Di lahi nyɛla din be Taiwan, di bahi bahindi Lukang zaŋ chaŋ west teeku polo, ka lahi be Chinese mɔɣi duya din be Southeast Asia.[2]
Fujian nyɛla zoya ni teeku din be China polo. Di tiŋ'zuɣu n-nyɛ Fuzhou, ka Quanzhou daa nyɛ luɣ'shɛli shitima nima ni zaani pam 7th century CE, saha din gbaai Sui mink Tang saha.
Di nyɛla binkumda balishɛli din tabi "male-only community amateur musical associations" (quguan bee "song-clubs"), din yini ka daa na dalim zolɔŋ, ka bɛ nya ka di tuɣiri biɛhigu, ka yi di ko ka chɛ kɛrikpɛriti baŋdiba ban be dunia.[2] Di tooi nyɛla din niŋdi balimbalim, zamzam, ka di binkumda lura.[3]
Nanguan daa pahila Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity yuuni 2009, UNESCO n daa zaŋ li m-pahi.[4]
Styles and instruments[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Nanguan niŋdimi ni balibu dibaa ata, ka bɛ booni li chí, phó· ni khiok (zhi, pu mini qu in Mandarin), ka di waliginsim doli luɣ'shɛli bɛ ni niŋdi li, di bukaata, yili yiiniba ni ti li jilin shɛli mini di biɛhigu.
- Chí (指) ka bɛ nya ka di nyɛ din "nimmohi" pam : din tooi niŋdi mi ni binkumda ka di waɣilim tooi gariti minti pihita, ka di tooi piriti yaɣa buyi zaŋ chaŋ yaɣa bunu, ka bɛ booni yaɣili kam cu bee dei ("piece"). Yilli kam tiri la lahabali, amaa di ni tooi yari yilli maa ni pili shɛli, zuŋɔ chí nyɛla binkumda din mali jilima.
- Phó· (譜, pu in pinyin) din gbunni nyɛ "notation", bee qingzou pu ("refined notation"), nyɛla din ŋmɛri ni binkumda balibu dibaa anu.[1] Di yili shɛŋa beni n ka taba ka sabi ni "gongchepu notation.[5]
- Khiok (曲) nyɛla nolini dɛma: di bini tuhi pishi n sabi sɔŋ kundunima ni. Di dɛmdi ni balim n garichí. Di din yoli saha ŋɔ tooi zooi la minti dibaa anu.
Nanguan binkumda tooi niŋdi mi ni binkumda balibu dibaa anu." The pie (拍, muban (木板) bee wooden clapper) nyɛla yiliyiini ni tooi ŋmɛri shɛlj. Dibaa anahi din pahi maa n-nyɛ téng-sì-kóan bee binkumda dibaa anahi din du zuɣusaa, dini n-nyɛ "four-stringed lute" (gî-pê, bee pipa 琵琶in Mandarin), "three-stringed, fretless, snakeskin-headed long-necked lute" dini n-nyɛ Japanese shamisen, ka bɛ boli li sam-hiân, (sanxian三弦 in Mandarin), "the vertical flute", (siau (簫), ka bɛ lahi booni li tōng-siau), ni "two-stringed "hard-bowed" binkumda shɛli bɛ ni booni jī-hiân, din yi di ko bela ka chɛ Cantonese erxian二弦. Di balli dibaa anahi maa zaa yila di ko ka chɛ ʒaamani dini ka bɛ ni tooi boli li ni "nanguan pipa" etc. Binkumdili kam mali la di ni kuli niŋdi binshɛɣu.[5]
Lala binkumdi balibu ŋɔ nyɛla din kpa talahi n-ti binkumda maa, ka ē-sì-kóan (下四管) bee binkumda balibu dibaa anahi din dii ka yaa hi ŋmɛri sahakam. Din bɔŋɔ nima nyɛla binkumdi shɛŋa din mali nubihi kparisibu, chime (hiangzua響盞), chime din laɣim taba mini dɔɣu bulooku shɛli bɛ ni booni giaolo, buɣuluŋbuɣuluŋ bihi dibaa ayi (xiangjin雙音) ni balankona dari dibaa anahi, xidei. "Transverse flute" shɛli bɛ ni booni pin xiao (dizi in Mandarin, 品簫 or 品仔) mini oboe-like aiya (噯仔) bee xiao nyɛla din tooi pahiri suuna nima ni. Diba ayɔbu maa zaa yi laɣim dibaa anahi maa ni, bɛ booni la di zaa chap-im bee "ten sounds".[5]
Diaspora[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
17th century piligu, Hoklo niriba ban daa niŋ yaakoro yi Fujian n-chaŋ Taiwan daa ʒila bɛ binkumda nima n chaŋ ti dɛmdi kamani, beiguan mini nanguan. Hoklo niraba walibu pam daa lahi zooi la Malaysia, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Philippines, Singapore, Burma, Thailand ni Indonesia, luɣ'shɛli bɛ ni tooi booni Hokkien.
Nanguan laɣinsi dibaa ayi m be Singapore[6] amaa di da nyɛla din zooi pam Philippines; Tiong-Ho Long-Kun-sia nyɛla din na kuli beni ni nimmohi. Gang-a-tsui mini Han-Tang Yuefu nyɛla din duhi nanguan binkumda maa yuli zuɣusaa tiŋmduya. Quanzhou nanguan binkumda daa pili la 1960s piligu ha, ka Fuzhou kali binkumda beni, ka pili yuuni 1990.
Kundivihira[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Thrasher, Alan Robert (2008). Sizhu Instrumental Music of South China: Ethos, Theory and Practice. Brill. pp. 12–14. ISBN 978-9004165007.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wang, Ying-Fen (September 2003). "Amateur Music Clubs and State Intervention: The Case of Nanguan Music in Postwar Taiwan". Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore (141).
- ↑ Wang, Xinxin. Nanguan Music: Appreciation and Practice (course description). Graduate Institute of Musicology, National Taiwan University.
- ↑ Nanyin. UNESCO.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Chou, Chenier. Nanguan Music. University of Sheffield.
- ↑ Koh, Sze Wei (May 30, 2006). Nan Yin — A Historical Perspective. Save Our Chinese Heritage.
External links[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Video[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
- Tɛmplet:YouTube (video from UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity )
