Rebetiko

Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia
Rebetiko
music genre
Yaɣ sheliGreek folk music Mali niŋ
Di pilli ni1850 Mali niŋ
Tingbani shɛli din yinaGreece Mali niŋ
Intangible cultural heritage statusRepresentative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity Mali niŋ
Described at URLhttps://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01291, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01291, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01291 Mali niŋ
This article is about the Greek music genre. For the film of the same name, see Rembetiko (film).

Tɛmplet:Infobox music genre Tɛmplet:Music of Greece Rebetiko (Tɛmplet:Lang-el, pronounced [re(m)ˈbetiko]), di zaɣ'bugu rebetika (ρεμπέτικα [re(m)ˈbetika]), ka bɛ tooi lɛbigiri li rembetiko bee rebetico, nyɛla urban Greek yila din daa be yuuni 1930s. Rebetiko gbunni nyɛla "urban popular song of the Greeks", bal'lee "poorest" din daa yina bin din gbaai 19th century hali ni yuuni 1950s ka nyɛ "popular Greek" yila pili li. Yili shɛli niriba ni daa yɛn tam nyɛla bɛn daa tee shɛli yala "rebetika revival" din daa piligi yuuni 1960s ka daa tuɣi hali ni yuuni 1970s zaŋ chaŋ.[1]

Yuuni 2017 rebetiko nyɛla bɛn daa zaŋ shɛli pahi UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.[2]

Definition and etymology[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Tɛmplet:Confusing section Bachi ŋɔ rebetiko (plural rebetika) nyɛla bachibuɣisirili din yina Greek word rebetis (Tɛmplet:Lang-el, pronounced [re(m)ˈbetis]).[1][citation needed] Bachi ŋɔ rebetis gbunni nyɛla din pa zaɣayini; tuuli baŋdiba ban yɛli bachi ŋɔ rebetiko gbunni, Elias Petropoulos mini Greek lexicographer Giorgos Babiniotis zaɣa nyɛla bɛn ti di gbunni koŋkoba.[3][4] Bachi ŋɔ gbunni ni tuui yi shɛli na nyɛ "Greek-Latin dictionary published in Leiden, Holland" yuuni 1614[5] ni ka bachi ŋɔ ῥεμπιτός gbunni nyɛ 'wanderer', 'blind', 'misguided',.

Musical bases[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Saha ŋɔ niriba pam nyɛla ban nya rebetiko ka di nyɛ "single genre", yila yɛltɔɣa polo di nyɛla European music, yila zaŋ n-ti Greek mainland mini Greek islands, Greek Orthodox ecclesiastical chant nyɛla ban yɛli ni di nyɛla Byzantine music mini modal traditions of Ottoman art music (café yila).[1]

Melody and harmony[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

"Photo of Smyrna Style Trio (1932)
Dimitrios Semsis (lyra), Agapios Tomboulis (banjo) and Roza Eskenazi, the Smyrna Trio (Athens, 1932)

Rebetiko yila pam komsim nyɛla din doli dromoi (δρόμοι, Greek for 'roads' or 'routes'; singular is dromos (δρόμος) zaɣa yini bee di zaɣa bɔbugu.[nb 1] Yuli zaŋ n-ti dromoi nyɛla din yina yaɣa pam[nb 2] amaa ka di pam lee jɛndi Turkish modes, bɛn lahi mi shɛli makam.[6]

Din pahira, rebetiko yila nim pam nyɛla din chani ni chords binkumdi ŋmɛri nima din nyɛ "Western harmonic system".[6]

Bɛn daa yɛn labi nii rebetiko kaya ni taada din be Greek mini Turkish yili yiindiba nyɛla din daa mali yɛltɔɣ'muɣisira. Di daliri shɛli su bɛn zaɣasi makam yaɣili zaŋ n-ti rebetiko.[nb 3]

HRebetiko rock

Tɛmplet:Infobox music genre

Rebetiko rock[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Rebetiko rock nyɛla yila bal'shɛli din laɣindi rock music mini rebetiko. Hard rock mini Greek folk music gba nyɛla din pahiri rebetiko rock.

Performers of rebetiko on 78 rpm recordings[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Discography[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Rebetiko nyɛla bɛn niŋdi shɛli "Greece on CDs" ka bɛ niŋdi yomyom mali chani ti printira. Tum yuuni 1990s kalinli din galisi CD maŋ nyɛla bɛn daa niŋ shɛli ka di nyɛ rebetiko taarihi.[DM 1] Bɛn daa niŋ di shɛŋa maa daa nyɛla din be tiŋgbani shɛŋa ni bɛn yɛri siliminsili n-ti pahi tiŋgbani shɛŋa ni bɛn yɛri Greek. Di zaa daa nyɛla CDs. Lihimi "link section" din doli na ŋɔ ka wuhiri "Greek source of historic CDs".

  • Apostolos Hadzichristos – A Unique Greek Voice, (4CD), JSP Records, 2011.
  • From Tambouras to Bouzouki The History and Evolution of the Bouzouki and its First Recordings (1926–1932), Orpheum Phonograph ORPH-01 ISBN 978-618-80538-0-9, 2013.
  • Great Voices of Constantinople 1927–1933, Rounder Records, 1997.
  • Greek-Oriental Rebetica-Songs & Dances in the Asia Minor Style:The Golden Years, Arhoolie Records, 1991.
  • Greek Rhapsody – Instrumental Music from Greece 1905–1956, (2CD & book) Dust-To-Digital DTD-27, 2013.
  • Marika Papagika – Greek Popular and Rebetic Music in New York 1918–1929, Alma Criolla Records, 1994.
  • Markos Vamvakaris, Bouzouki Pioneer, 1932–1940, Rounder Records, 1998.
  • Markos Vamvakaris, Master of Rembetika – Complete Recordings 1932–1937, plus selected recordings 1938, (4CD), JSP Records, 2010
  • Mortika – Rare Vintage Recordings from a Greek Underworld, ARKO records, Uppsala, 2005. CD and book, also issued as 2LP box by Mississippi Records, 2009.
  • Mourmourika: Songs of the Greek Underworld, Rounder Records, 1999.
  • My Only Consolation: Classic Pireotic Rembetica 1932–1946, Rounder Records, 1999.
  • Rembetica: Historic Urban Folk Songs From Greece, Rounder Records, 1992.
  • Rembetika: Greek Music from the Underground, JSP Records, 2006.
  • Rembetika 2: More of the Secret History of Greece's Underground Music, JSP Records, 2008.
  • Rebetiki Istoria, EMIAL-Lambropoulos, Athens 1975–76 – LP series in six volumes, later also issued on cassettes and CDs.
  • Roza Eskenazi – Rembetissa, Rounder Records, 1996.
  • The Rough Guide to Rebetika, World Music Network, 2004.
  • Vassilis Tsitsanis – All the pre-war recordings, 1936–1940 (5CD), JSP Records, 2008.
  • Vassilis Tsitsanis – The Postwar Years 1946–1954, (4CD), JSP Records, 2009.
  • Women of Rembetica, Rounder Records, 2000.
  • Women of Rembetika, (4CD), JSP Records, 2012.
  • Various – The Diaspora Of Rembetiko, Network Medien, (2CD), compilation, 2004

Lihimi m-pahi[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Notes[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

  1. ↑ The word dromos means 'path' or 'road'.
  2. ↑ Piraeotiko dromos is named after the harbour town of Piraeus, and the terms matzore (ματζόρε) and minore (μινόρε) are loosely used in order to include the Western major and minor scale variations within the category of dromoi.
  3. ↑ A further genre term has recently seen the light as a result of this entente. Paradosiaká, a word which originally simply means "traditional", is nowadays used to refer to a fairly narrow urban musical form which has emerged in Greece since the 1970s, and which almost exclusively employs the instruments and musical language of Ottoman art music. For a detailed examination of this phenomenon, see Eleni Kallimopoulou, Paradosiaká: Music, Meaning and Identity in Modern Greece. Ashgate, 2009.

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Kundivihira[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Klein2005
  2. ↑ UNESCO - Rebetiko (en).
  3. ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Petropoulos1990
  4. ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Babiniotis1998
  5. ↑ Ioannes Meursius – Glossarium graeco barbarum 2nd ed. Leyden, 1614 p. 470
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Pennanen1999

Tooni karimbu[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

  • Katharine Butterworth & Sara Schneider, eds. Rebetika – Songs from the Old Greek Underworld. Athens: Aiora Press, 2014.
  • Stathis Damianakos. Κοινωνιολογία του Ρεμπέτικου, 2nd edn. (“The Sociology of Rebetiko”). Athens: Plethron, 2001.
  • Stathis Gauntlett. ‘Between Orientalism and Occidentalism: The contribution of Asia Minor refugees to Greek popular song, and its reception’, in: Crossing the Aegean: an appraisal of the 1923 compulsory population exchange between Greece and Turkey, ed. R. Hirschon, Berghahn, Oxford & New York, 247–260, 2003.
  • Stathis Gauntlett (April 2004), "Which master's voice? A cautionary tale of cultural and commercial relations with the country of origin" (PDF), Greek-Australians in the 21st Century: A National Forum, Melbourne: RMIT Globalism Institute, archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-12-20, retrieved October 20, 2010.
  • Stathis Gauntlett, ‘The Diaspora Sings Back: Rebetika Down Under’, in: Greek Diaspora and Migration since 1700, ed. Dimitris Tziovas. Ashgate, 2009.
  • Manos Hatzidakis, Ερμηνεία και θέση του ρεμπέτικου τραγουδιού (The interpretation and position of rebetiko song, in Greek), 1949.
  • Gail Holst-Warhaft, Road to rembetika: music from a Greek sub-culture, songs of love, sorrow and hashish. Athens: Denise Harvey & Company,.
  • Nikos Kotarides, Ρεμπέτες και ρεμπέτικο τραγούδι (Rebetes and rebetiko song). Athens: Plethron, 1996.
  • Dionysis Maniatis, Η εκ περάτων δισκογραφία γραμμοφώνου (I Ek Peraton Diskografia Grammofonou – The complete gramophone discography), Athens 2006.
  • Panagiotis Kounades, Εις ανάμνησιν στιγμών ελκυστικών (“In memory of charming moments”). Athens: Katarti, 2000.
  • Nikos Ordoulidis, "The Greek popular modes", in: British Postgraduate Musicology 11 (December 2011).
  • Risto Pekka Pennanen, "The Nationalisation of Ottoman Popular Music in Greece", in: Ethnomusicology, vol. 48, no. 1 (Winter 2004), pp. 1–25.
  • Elias Petropoulos, Rebetika: songs from the Old Greek Underworld, translated by John Taylor, illustrated by Alekos Fassianos. London: Alcyon Art Editions, 1992. ISBN 1-874455-01-5.
  • David Prudhomme, Rébétiko (La mauvaise herbe), Futuropolis, 2009. ISBN 978-2-7548-0191-1.
  • John Taylor, ‘The Rebetic Songs’, in: Maledicta, vol. 5, nos. 1–2 (Summer-Winter 1981), pp. 25–30.
  • Markos Vamvakaris, Autobiography. Trans. Noonie Minogue and published by Greeklines.

External links[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Tɛmplet:Rembetika Tɛmplet:Balkan music Tɛmplet:Greek dances Tɛmplet:Greek musical instruments Tɛmplet:Folk music Tɛmplet:Manele

  1. ↑ Comprehensive list of Greek 78 rpm issues including title, artist(s), composer(s) and genre assignation.
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