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Tɛmplet:List of chemical elements

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Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia
Element Origin of name[1][2] Group Period Block Standard
atomic
weight Ar°(E)[lower-alpha 1]		 Density[lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] Melting point[lower-alpha 4] Boiling point[lower-alpha 5] Specific
heat
capacity[lower-alpha 6]		 Electro­negativity[lower-alpha 7] Abundance
in Earth's
crust[lower-alpha 8]		 Origin[lower-alpha 9] Phase at r.t.[lower-alpha 10]
Atomic number
Z		 Symbol Name (Da) (g/cm3) (K) (K) (J/g · K) (mg/kg)
 
1 H H: Hydrogen Greek elements hydro- and -gen, 'water-forming' 1 1 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1001" |#ff9999 1.0080H: 0.00008988 14.01 20.28 14.304 2.20 1400 H: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
2 He He: Helium Greek hḗlios, 'sun' 18 1 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1002" |#ff9999 4.0026He: 0.0001785 –[lower-alpha 11] 4.22 5.193 – 0.008 He: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
3 Li Li: Lithium Greek líthos, 'stone' 1 2 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1003" |#ff9999 6.94Li: 0.534 453.69 1560 3.582 0.98 20 Li: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
4 Be Be: Beryllium Beryl, a mineral (ultimately from the name of Belur in southern India)[3] 2 2 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1004" |#ff9999 9.0122Be: 1.85 1560 2742 1.825 1.57 2.8 Be: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
5 B B: Boron Borax, a mineral (from Arabic bawraq, Middle Persian *bōrag) 13 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2005" |#fdff8c 10.81B: 2.34 2349 4200 1.026 2.04 10 B: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
6 C C: Carbon Latin carbo, 'coal' 14 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2006" |#fdff8c 12.011C: 2.267 >4000 4300 0.709 2.55 200 C: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
7 N N: Nitrogen Greek nítron and -gen, 'niter-forming' 15 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2007" |#fdff8c 14.007N: 0.0012506 63.15 77.36 1.04 3.04 19 N: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
8 O O: Oxygen Greek oxy- and -gen, 'acid-forming' 16 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2008" |#fdff8c 15.999O: 0.001429 54.36 90.20 0.918 3.44 461000 O: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
9 F F: Fluorine Latin fluere, 'to flow' 17 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2009" |#fdff8c 18.998F: 0.001696 53.53 85.03 0.824 3.98 585 F: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
10 Ne Ne: Neon Greek néon, 'new' 18 2 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2010" |#fdff8c 20.180Ne: 0.0009002 24.56 27.07 1.03 – 0.005 Ne: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
11 Na Na: Sodium English (from medieval Latin) soda
 ·  Symbol Na is derived from Neo-Latin natrium, coined from German Natron, 'natron'		 1 3 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1011" |#ff9999 22.990Na: 0.968 370.87 1156 1.228 0.93 23600 Na: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
12 Mg Mg: Magnesium Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece 2 3 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1012" |#ff9999 24.305Mg: 1.738 923 1363 1.023 1.31 23300 Mg: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
13 Al Al: Aluminium Alumina, from Latin alumen (gen. aluminis), 'bitter salt, alum' 13 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2013" |#fdff8c 26.982Al: 2.70 933.47 2792 0.897 1.61 82300 Al: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
14 Si Si: Silicon Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium) 14 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2014" |#fdff8c 28.085Si: 2.3290 1687 3538 0.705 1.9 282000 Si: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
15 P P: Phosphorus Greek phōsphóros, 'light-bearing' 15 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2015" |#fdff8c 30.974P: 1.823 317.30 550 0.769 2.19 1050 P: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
16 S S: Sulfur Latin sulphur, 'brimstone' 16 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2016" |#fdff8c 32.06S: 2.07 388.36 717.87 0.71 2.58 350 S: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
17 Cl Cl: Chlorine Greek chlōrós, 'greenish yellow' 17 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2017" |#fdff8c 35.45Cl: 0.0032 171.6 239.11 0.479 3.16 145 Cl: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
18 Ar Ar: Argon Greek argós, 'idle' (because of its inertness) 18 3 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2018" |#fdff8c 39.95Ar: 0.001784 83.80 87.30 0.52 – 3.5 Ar: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
19 K K: Potassium Neo-Latin potassa, 'potash', itself from pot and ash
 ·  Symbol K is derived from Latin kalium		 1 4 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1019" |#ff9999 39.098K: 0.89 336.53 1032 0.757 0.82 20900 K: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
20 Ca Ca: Calcium Latin calx, 'lime' 2 4 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1020" |#ff9999 40.078Ca: 1.55 1115 1757 0.647 1.00 41500 Ca: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
21 Sc Sc: Scandium Latin Scandia, 'Scandinavia' 3 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3021" |#99ccff 44.956Sc: 2.985 1814 3109 0.568 1.36 22 Sc: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
22 Ti Ti: Titanium Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology 4 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3022" |#99ccff 47.867Ti: 4.506 1941 3560 0.523 1.54 5650 Ti: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
23 V V: Vanadium Vanadis, an Old Norse name for the Scandinavian goddess Freyja 5 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3023" |#99ccff 50.942V: 6.11 2183 3680 0.489 1.63 120 V: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
24 Cr Cr: Chromium Greek chróma, 'colour' 6 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3024" |#99ccff 51.996Cr: 7.15 2180 2944 0.449 1.66 102 Cr: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
25 Mn Mn: Manganese Corrupted from magnesia negra; see § magnesium 7 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3025" |#99ccff 54.938Mn: 7.21 1519 2334 0.479 1.55 950 Mn: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
26 Fe Fe: Iron English word, from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom ('iron'), from a root meaning 'blood'
 ·  Symbol Fe is derived from Latin ferrum		 8 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3026" |#99ccff 55.845Fe: 7.874 1811 3134 0.449 1.83 56300 Fe: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
27 Co Co: Cobalt German Kobold, 'goblin' 9 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3027" |#99ccff 58.933Co: 8.90 1768 3200 0.421 1.88 25 Co: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
28 Ni Ni: Nickel Nickel, a mischievous sprite of German miner mythology 10 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3028" |#99ccff 58.693Ni: 8.908 1728 3186 0.444 1.91 84 Ni: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
29 Cu Cu: Copper English word, from Latin cuprum, from Ancient Greek Kýpros 'Cyprus' 11 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3029" |#99ccff 63.546Cu: 8.96 1357.77 2835 0.385 1.90 60 Cu: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
30 Zn Zn: Zinc Most likely from German Zinke, 'prong' or 'tooth', though some suggest Persian sang, 'stone' 12 4 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3030" |#99ccff 65.38Zn: 7.14 692.88 1180 0.388 1.65 70 Zn: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
31 Ga Ga: Gallium Latin Gallia, 'France' 13 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2031" |#fdff8c 69.723Ga: 5.91 302.9146 2673 0.371 1.81 19 Ga: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
32 Ge Ge: Germanium Latin Germania, 'Germany' 14 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2032" |#fdff8c 72.630Ge: 5.323 1211.40 3106 0.32 2.01 1.5 Ge: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
33 As As: Arsenic French arsenic, from Greek arsenikón 'yellow arsenic' (influenced by arsenikós, 'masculine' or 'virile'), from a West Asian wanderword ultimately from Old Iranian *zarniya-ka, 'golden' 15 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2033" |#fdff8c 74.922As: 5.727 1090[lower-alpha 12] 887 0.329 2.18 1.8 As: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
34 Se Se: Selenium Greek selḗnē, 'moon' 16 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2034" |#fdff8c 78.971Se: 4.81 453 958 0.321 2.55 0.05 Se: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
35 Br Br: Bromine Greek brômos, 'stench' 17 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2035" |#fdff8c 79.904Br: 3.1028 265.8 332.0 0.474 2.96 2.4 Br: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Liquid
36 Kr Kr: Krypton Greek kryptós, 'hidden' 18 4 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2036" |#fdff8c 83.798Kr: 0.003749 115.79 119.93 0.248 3.00 1×10−4 Kr: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
37 Rb Rb: Rubidium Latin rubidus, 'deep red' 1 5 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1037" |#ff9999 85.468Rb: 1.532 312.46 961 0.363 0.82 90 Rb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
38 Sr Sr: Strontium Strontian, a village in Scotland, where it was found 2 5 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1038" |#ff9999 87.62Sr: 2.64 1050 1655 0.301 0.95 370 Sr: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
39 Y Y: Yttrium Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also terbium, erbium, ytterbium 3 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3039" |#99ccff 88.906Y: 4.472 1799 3609 0.298 1.22 33 Y: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
40 Zr Zr: Zirconium Zircon, a mineral, from Persian zargun, 'gold-hued' 4 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3040" |#99ccff 91.224Zr: 6.52 2128 4682 0.278 1.33 165 Zr: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
41 Nb Nb: Niobium Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus from Greek mythology; see also tantalum 5 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3041" |#99ccff 92.906Nb: 8.57 2750 5017 0.265 1.6 20 Nb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
42 Mo Mo: Molybdenum Greek molýbdaina, 'piece of lead', from mólybdos, 'lead', due to confusion with lead ore galena (PbS) 6 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3042" |#99ccff 95.95Mo: 10.28 2896 4912 0.251 2.16 1.2 Mo: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
43 Tc Tc: Technetium Greek tekhnētós, 'artificial' 7 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3043" |#99ccff Tc: [97][lower-alpha 1] 11 2430 4538 – 1.9 ~ 3×10−9 Tc: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
44 Ru Ru: Ruthenium Neo-Latin Ruthenia, 'Russia' 8 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3044" |#99ccff 101.07Ru: 12.45 2607 4423 0.238 2.2 0.001 Ru: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
45 Rh Rh: Rhodium Greek rhodóeis, 'rose-coloured', from rhódon, 'rose' 9 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3045" |#99ccff 102.91Rh: 12.41 2237 3968 0.243 2.28 0.001 Rh: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
46 Pd Pd: Palladium Pallas, an asteroid, considered a planet at the time 10 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3046" |#99ccff 106.42Pd: 12.023 1828.05 3236 0.244 2.20 0.015 Pd: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
47 Ag Ag: Silver English word
 ·  Symbol Ag is derived from Latin argentum		 11 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3047" |#99ccff 107.87Ag: 10.49 1234.93 2435 0.235 1.93 0.075 Ag: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
48 Cd Cd: Cadmium Neo-Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos 12 5 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3048" |#99ccff 112.41Cd: 8.65 594.22 1040 0.232 1.69 0.159 Cd: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
49 In In: Indium Latin indicum, 'indigo', the blue colour found in its spectrum 13 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2049" |#fdff8c 114.82In: 7.31 429.75 2345 0.233 1.78 0.25 In: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
50 Sn Sn: Tin English word
 ·  Symbol Sn is derived from Latin stannum		 14 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2050" |#fdff8c 118.71Sn: 7.265 505.08 2875 0.228 1.96 2.3 Sn: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
51 Sb Sb: Antimony Latin antimonium, the origin of which is uncertain: folk etymologies suggest it is derived from Greek antí ('against') + mónos ('alone'), or Old French anti-moine, 'Monk's bane', but it could plausibly be from or related to Arabic ʾiṯmid, 'antimony', reformatted as a Latin word
 ·  Symbol Sb is derived from Latin stibium 'stibnite'		 15 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2051" |#fdff8c 121.76Sb: 6.697 903.78 1860 0.207 2.05 0.2 Sb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
52 Te Te: Tellurium Latin tellus, 'the ground, earth' 16 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2052" |#fdff8c 127.60Te: 6.24 722.66 1261 0.202 2.1 0.001 Te: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
53 I I: Iodine French iode, from Greek ioeidḗs, 'violet' 17 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2053" |#fdff8c 126.90I: 4.933 386.85 457.4 0.214 2.66 0.45 I: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
54 Xe Xe: Xenon Greek xénon, neuter form of xénos 'strange' 18 5 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2054" |#fdff8c 131.29Xe: 0.005894 161.4 165.03 0.158 2.60 3×10−5 Xe: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Gas
55 Cs Cs: Caesium Latin caesius, 'sky-blue' 1 6 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1055" |#ff9999 132.91Cs: 1.93 301.59 944 0.242 0.79 3 Cs: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
56 Ba Ba: Barium Greek barýs, 'heavy' 2 6 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1056" |#ff9999 137.33Ba: 3.51 1000 2170 0.204 0.89 425 Ba: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
57 La La: Lanthanum Greek lanthánein, 'to lie hidden' f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4057" |#9bff99 138.91La: 6.162 1193 3737 0.195 1.1 39 La: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
58 Ce Ce: Cerium Ceres, a dwarf planet, considered a planet at the time f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4058" |#9bff99 140.12Ce: 6.770 1068 3716 0.192 1.12 66.5 Ce: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
59 Pr Pr: Praseodymium Greek prásios dídymos, 'green twin' f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4059" |#9bff99 140.91Pr: 6.77 1208 3793 0.193 1.13 9.2 Pr: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
60 Nd Nd: Neodymium Greek néos dídymos, 'new twin' f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4060" |#9bff99 144.24Nd: 7.01 1297 3347 0.19 1.14 41.5 Nd: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
61 Pm Pm: Promethium Prometheus, a figure in Greek mythology f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4061" |#9bff99 Pm: [145] 7.26 1315 3273 – 1.13 2×10−19 Pm: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
62 Sm Sm: Samarium Samarskite, a mineral named after V. Samarsky-Bykhovets, Russian mine official f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4062" |#9bff99 150.36Sm: 7.52 1345 2067 0.197 1.17 7.05 Sm: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
63 Eu Eu: Europium Europe f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4063" |#9bff99 151.96Eu: 5.244 1099 1802 0.182 1.2 2 Eu: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
64 Gd Gd: Gadolinium Gadolinite, a mineral named after Johan Gadolin, Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4064" |#9bff99 157.25Gd: 7.90 1585 3546 0.236 1.2 6.2 Gd: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
65 Tb Tb: Terbium Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, erbium, ytterbium f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4065" |#9bff99 158.93Tb: 8.23 1629 3503 0.182 1.2 1.2 Tb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
66 Dy Dy: Dysprosium Greek dysprósitos, 'hard to get' f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4066" |#9bff99 162.50Dy: 8.540 1680 2840 0.17 1.22 5.2 Dy: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
67 Ho Ho: Holmium Neo-Latin Holmia, 'Stockholm' f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4067" |#9bff99 164.93Ho: 8.79 1734 2993 0.165 1.23 1.3 Ho: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
68 Er Er: Erbium Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, ytterbium f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4068" |#9bff99 167.26Er: 9.066 1802 3141 0.168 1.24 3.5 Er: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
69 Tm Tm: Thulium Thule, the ancient name for an unclear northern location f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4069" |#9bff99 168.93Tm: 9.32 1818 2223 0.16 1.25 0.52 Tm: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
70 Yb Yb: Ytterbium Ytterby, Sweden, where it was found; see also yttrium, terbium, erbium f-block groups 6 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4070" |#9bff99 173.05Yb: 6.90 1097 1469 0.155 1.1 3.2 Yb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
71 Lu Lu: Lutetium Latin Lutetia, 'Paris' 3 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3071" |#99ccff 174.97Lu: 9.841 1925 3675 0.154 1.27 0.8 Lu: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
72 Hf Hf: Hafnium Neo-Latin Hafnia, 'Copenhagen' (from Danish havn, harbour) 4 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3072" |#99ccff 178.49Hf: 13.31 2506 4876 0.144 1.3 3 Hf: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
73 Ta Ta: Tantalum King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology; see also niobium 5 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3073" |#99ccff 180.95Ta: 16.69 3290 5731 0.14 1.5 2 Ta: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
74 W W: Tungsten Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone'
 ·  Symbol W is from Wolfram, originally from Middle High German wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite[4]		 6 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3074" |#99ccff 183.84W: 19.25 3695 5828 0.132 2.36 1.3 W: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
75 Re Re: Rhenium Latin Rhenus, 'the Rhine' 7 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3075" |#99ccff 186.21Re: 21.02 3459 5869 0.137 1.9 7×10−4 Re: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
76 Os Os: Osmium Greek osmḗ, 'smell' 8 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3076" |#99ccff 190.23Os: 22.59 3306 5285 0.13 2.2 0.002 Os: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
77 Ir Ir: Iridium Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow 9 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3077" |#99ccff 192.22Ir: 22.56 2719 4701 0.131 2.20 0.001 Ir: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
78 Pt Pt: Platinum Spanish platina, 'little silver', from plata 'silver' 10 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3078" |#99ccff 195.08Pt: 21.45 2041.4 4098 0.133 2.28 0.005 Pt: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
79 Au Au: Gold English word, from the same root as 'yellow'
 ·  Symbol Au is derived from Latin aurum		 11 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3079" |#99ccff 196.97Au: 19.3 1337.33 3129 0.129 2.54 0.004 Au: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
80 Hg Hg: Mercury (element) Mercury, Roman god of commerce, communication, and luck, known for his speed and mobility
 ·  Symbol Hg is derived from its Latin name hydrargyrum, from Greek hydrárgyros, 'water-silver'		 12 6 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3080" |#99ccff 200.59Hg: 13.534 234.43 629.88 0.14 2.00 0.085 Hg: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Liquid
81 Tl Tl: Thallium Greek thallós, 'green shoot or twig' 13 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2081" |#fdff8c 204.38Tl: 11.85 577 1746 0.129 1.62 0.85 Tl: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
82 Pb Pb: Lead English word, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom, from a root meaning 'flow'
 ·  Symbol Pb is derived from Latin plumbum		 14 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2082" |#fdff8c 207.2Pb: 11.34 600.61 2022 0.129 1.87 (2+)
2.33 (4+)		 14 Pb: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
83 Bi Bi: Bismuth German Wismut, from weiß Masse 'white mass', unless from Arabic 15 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2083" |#fdff8c 208.98Bi: 9.78 544.7 1837 0.122 2.02 0.009 Bi: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
84 Po Po: Polonium Latin Polonia, 'Poland', home country of Marie Curie 16 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2084" |#fdff8c Po: [209][lower-alpha 1] 9.196 527 1235 – 2.0 2×10−10 Po: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
85 At At: Astatine Greek ástatos, 'unstable' 17 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2085" |#fdff8c At: [210] (8.91–8.95) 575 610 – 2.2 3×10−20 At: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Unknown phase
86 Rn Rn: Radon Radium emanation, originally the name of the isotope Radon-222 18 6 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2086" |#fdff8c Rn: [222] 0.00973 202 211.3 0.094 2.2 4×10−13 Rn: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Gas
87 Fr Fr: Francium France, home country of discoverer Marguerite Perey 1 7 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1087" |#ff9999 Fr: [223] (2.48) 281 890 – >0.79[5] ~ 1×10−18 Fr: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Unknown phase
88 Ra Ra: Radium French radium, from Latin radius, 'ray' 2 7 #ff9999" data-sort-value="1088" |#ff9999 Ra: [226] 5.5 973 2010 0.094 0.9 9×10−7 Ra: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
89 Ac Ac: Actinium Greek aktís, 'ray' f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4089" |#9bff99 Ac: [227] 10 1323 3471 0.12 1.1 5.5×10−10 Ac: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
90 Th Th: Thorium Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4090" |#9bff99 232.04Th: 11.7 2115 5061 0.113 1.3 9.6 Th: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
91 Pa Pa: Protactinium Proto- (from Greek prôtos, 'first, before') + actinium, since actinium is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4091" |#9bff99 231.04Pa: 15.37 1841 4300 – 1.5 1.4×10−6 Pa: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
92 U U: Uranium Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4092" |#9bff99 238.03U: 19.1 1405.3 4404 0.116 1.38 2.7 U: Primordial-wlfirst>Primordial Solid
93 Np Np: Neptunium Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4093" |#9bff99 Np: [237] 20.45 917 4273 – 1.36 ≤ 3×10−12 Np: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
94 Pu Pu: Plutonium Pluto, a dwarf planet, considered a planet in the Solar System at the time f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4094" |#9bff99 Pu: [244] 19.85 912.5 3501 – 1.28 ≤ 3×10−11 Pu: From decay-wlfirst>From decay Solid
95 Am Am: Americium The Americas, where the element was first synthesised, by analogy with its homologue § europium f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4095" |#9bff99 Am: [243] 12 1449 2880 – 1.13 – Am: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Solid
96 Cm Cm: Curium Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, French physicists and chemists f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4096" |#9bff99 Cm: [247] 13.51 1613 3383 – 1.28 – Cm: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Solid
97 Bk Bk: Berkelium Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesised f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4097" |#9bff99 Bk: [247] 14.78 1259 2900 – 1.3 – Bk: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Solid
98 Cf Cf: Californium California, where the element was first synthesised in the LBNL laboratory f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4098" |#9bff99 Cf: [251] 15.1 1173 (1743)[lower-alpha 2] – 1.3 – Cf: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Solid
99 Es Es: Einsteinium Albert Einstein, German physicist f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4099" |#9bff99 Es: [252] 8.84 1133 (1269) – 1.3 – Es: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Solid
100 Fm Fm: Fermium Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4100" |#9bff99 Fm: [257] (9.7)[lower-alpha 2] (1125)[6]
(1800)[7]		 – – 1.3 – Fm: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
101 Md Md: Mendelevium Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist who proposed the periodic table f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4101" |#9bff99 Md: [258] (10.3) (1100) – – 1.3 – Md: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
102 No No: Nobelium Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer f-block groups 7 #9bff99" data-sort-value="4102" |#9bff99 No: [259] (9.9) (1100) – – 1.3 – No: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
103 Lr Lr: Lawrencium Ernest Lawrence, American physicist 3 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3103" |#99ccff Lr: [266] (14.4) (1900) – – 1.3 – Lr: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
104 Rf Rf: Rutherfordium Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist from New Zealand 4 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3104" |#99ccff Rf: [267] (17) (2400) (5800) – – – Rf: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
105 Db Db: Dubnium Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered in the JINR laboratory 5 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3105" |#99ccff Db: [268] (21.6) – – – – – Db: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
106 Sg Sg: Seaborgium Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist 6 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3106" |#99ccff Sg: [269] (23–24) – – – – – Sg: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
107 Bh Bh: Bohrium Niels Bohr, Danish physicist 7 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3107" |#99ccff Bh: [270] (26–27) – – – – – Bh: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
108 Hs Hs: Hassium Neo-Latin Hassia, 'Hesse', a state in Germany 8 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3108" |#99ccff Hs: [269] (27–29) – – – – – Hs: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
109 Mt Mt: Meitnerium Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist 9 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3109" |#99ccff Mt: [278] (27–28) – – – – – Mt: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
110 Ds Ds: Darmstadtium Darmstadt, Germany, where the element was first synthesised in the GSI laboratories 10 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3110" |#99ccff Ds: [281] (26–27) – – – – – Ds: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
111 Rg Rg: Roentgenium Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, German physicist 11 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3111" |#99ccff Rg: [282] (22–24) – – – – – Rg: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
112 Cn Cn: Copernicium Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer 12 7 #99ccff" data-sort-value="3112" |#99ccff Cn: [285] (14.0) (283±11) (340±10)[lower-alpha 2] – – – Cn: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
113 Nh Nh: Nihonium Japanese Nihon, 'Japan', where the element was first synthesised in the Riken laboratories 13 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2113" |#fdff8c Nh: [286] (16) (700) (1400) – – – Nh: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
114 Fl Fl: Flerovium Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, part of JINR, where the element was synthesised; itself named after Georgy Flyorov, Russian physicist 14 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2114" |#fdff8c Fl: [289] (11.4±0.3) (284±50)[lower-alpha 2] – – – – Fl: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
115 Mc Mc: Moscovium Moscow, Russia, where the element was first synthesised in the JINR laboratories 15 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2115" |#fdff8c Mc: [290] (13.5) (700) (1400) – – – Mc: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
116 Lv Lv: Livermorium Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California 16 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2116" |#fdff8c Lv: [293] (12.9) (700) (1100) – – – Lv: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
117 Ts Ts: Tennessine Tennessee, United States, where Oak Ridge National Laboratory is located 17 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2117" |#fdff8c Ts: [294] (7.1–7.3) (700) (883) – – – Ts: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
118 Og Og: Oganesson Yuri Oganessian, Russian physicist 18 7 #fdff8c" data-sort-value="2118" |#fdff8c Og: [294] (7) (325±15) (450±10) – – – Og: Synthetic-wlfirst>Synthetic Unknown phase
  1. ↑ Periodic Table – Royal Society of Chemistry (en).
  2. ↑ Online Etymology Dictionary (en).
  3. ↑ "beryl". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2014.
  4. ↑ van der Krogt, Peter. Wolframium Wolfram Tungsten. Elementymology & Elements Multidict.
  5. ↑ Originally assessed as 0.7 by Pauling but never revised after other elements' electronegativities were updated for precision. Predicted to be higher than that of caesium.
  6. ↑ "The Thermodynamic Properties of the 𝑓-Elements and Their Compounds. I. The Lanthanide and Actinide Metals". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. DOI:10.1063/1.3474238.
  7. ↑ Fermium.
  1. 1 2 3 A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named saw
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named prediction
  3. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named density
  4. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mp
  5. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named bp
  6. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named heatcapacity
  7. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named electronegativity
  8. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named abundance
  9. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named origin
  10. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named phase
  11. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named helium
  12. ↑ A chirim ya: &It;ref> tuma maa yi laɣingu din yuli nyɛ "lower-alpha", ka lee bi saɣiritiri $It;references group ="lower-alpha"/> tuka maa bon nyaA chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named arsenic
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