Module:Format link

This module, migrated from origins in Module:Hatnote, provides functionality for formatting links for display, including that powering the {{format link}} template.

It can pretty-format section links with the section symbol ("§") and appropriate whitespace, it automatically escapes category and file names with the colon trick, and includes functionality for italicizing the page or section name, and for detecting and categorizing results that produce red links.

Use from wikitext

The functions in this module cannot be used directly from #invoke, and must be used through templates instead. Please see Template:Format link for documentation on usage of that template.

Use from other Lua modules

To load this module from another Lua module, use the following code:

local mFormatLink = require('Module:Format link')

You can then use the functions as documented below.

_formatLink

mFormatLink._formatLink{
    link = 'Link',
    display = 'Display',
    target = 'Target',
    italicizePage = true,
    italicizeSection = true,
    categorizeMissing = 'Pages using formatted red links'
}

Formats link as a wikilink. Categories and files are automatically escaped with the colon trick, and links to sections are automatically formatted as page § section, rather than the MediaWiki default of page#section.

Several options modify the output:

• If the display value is present, then it will be used as a display value. Any manual piping (using the {{!}} magic word or similar) present in link will be overridden by the display value if present.
• If the target value is present, then it will override link as a target, but the result will still be displayed using either the value from display, or the result of formatting link.
• If italicizePage is true, then the page portion of the link is italicized if present.
• If italicizeSection is true, then the section portion of the link is italicized if present.
• If categorizeMissing is a non-empty string, then that value is used as a category name, and that category will be applied if the resulting target of the link (no matter whether through link or through target) doesn't exist.

Examples

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Foo#Bar'} → [[:Foo#Bar|Foo § Bar]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Baz', display = 'Qux'} → [[:Baz|Qux]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Foo|Bar', display = 'Baz'} → [[:Foo|Baz]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = '#Foo', target = 'Example#Foo'} → [[:Example#Foo|§ Foo]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'The Lord of the Rings#Plot', italicizePage = true} → [[:The Lord of the Rings#Plot|''The Lord of the Rings'' § Plot]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012#Disini v. Secretary of Justice', italicizeSection = true} → [[:Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012#Disini v. Secretary of Justice|Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 § ''Disini v. Secretary of Justice'']] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Nonexistent page', categorizeMissing = 'Example'} → [[:Nonexistent page]][[Category:Example]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

mFormatLink._formatLink{link = 'Existing', categorizeMissing = 'Example'} → [[:Existing]] → Tɛmplet:Format link

formatPages

mFormatLink.formatPages(options, pages)

This derived function is useful for lists that format many links. It formats an array of pages using the _formatLink function, and returns the result as an array. Options in the options table are applied, and use the same names as the options for _formatLink.

Example

mFormatLink.formatPages({categorizeMissing = 'Example'}, {'Foo#Bar', 'Nonexistent page'}) → {'[[:Foo#Bar|Foo § Bar]]', '[[:Nonexistent page]][[Category:Example]]'}

Errors

If _formatLink is used and neither a link nor a target argument is provided, then the module will produce an error message instead of its usual output, as it cannot then produce valid output.

You can solve this error by providing appropriate parameters to _formatLink, or you may want to ensure that a more descriptive error is provided by a downstream template or module when it would otherwise call _formatLink with inadequate arguments.

---

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Format link
--
-- Makes a wikilink from the given link and display values. Links are escaped
-- with colons if necessary, and links to sections are detected and displayed
-- with " § " as a separator rather than the standard MediaWiki "#". Used in
-- the {{format link}} template.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType
local checkTypeForNamedArg = libraryUtil.checkTypeForNamedArg
local mArguments -- lazily initialise [[Module:Arguments]]
local mError -- lazily initialise [[Module:Error]]
local yesno -- lazily initialise [[Module:Yesno]]

local p = {}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function getArgs(frame)
	-- Fetches the arguments from the parent frame. Whitespace is trimmed and
	-- blanks are removed.
	mArguments = require('Module:Arguments')
	return mArguments.getArgs(frame, {parentOnly = true})
end

local function removeInitialColon(s)
	-- Removes the initial colon from a string, if present.
	return s:match('^:?(.*)')
end

local function maybeItalicize(s, shouldItalicize)
	-- Italicize s if s is a string and the shouldItalicize parameter is true.
	if s and shouldItalicize then
		return '<i>' .. s .. '</i>'
	else
		return s
	end
end

local function parseLink(link)
	-- Parse a link and return a table with the link's components.
	-- These components are:
	-- - link: the link, stripped of any initial colon (always present)
	-- - page: the page name (always present)
	-- - section: the page name (may be nil)
	-- - display: the display text, if manually entered after a pipe (may be nil)
	link = removeInitialColon(link)

	-- Find whether a faux display value has been added with the {{!}} magic
	-- word.
	local prePipe, display = link:match('^(.-)|(.*)$')
	link = prePipe or link

	-- Find the page, if it exists.
	-- For links like [[#Bar]], the page will be nil.
	local preHash, postHash = link:match('^(.-)#(.*)$')
	local page
	if not preHash then
		-- We have a link like [[Foo]].
		page = link
	elseif preHash ~= '' then
		-- We have a link like [[Foo#Bar]].
		page = preHash
	end

	-- Find the section, if it exists.
	local section
	if postHash and postHash ~= '' then
		section = postHash
	end
	
	return {
		link = link,
		page = page,
		section = section,
		display = display,
	}
end

local function formatDisplay(parsed, options)
	-- Formats a display string based on a parsed link table (matching the
	-- output of parseLink) and an options table (matching the input options for
	-- _formatLink).
	local page = maybeItalicize(parsed.page, options.italicizePage)
	local section = maybeItalicize(parsed.section, options.italicizeSection)
	if (not section) then
		return page
	elseif (not page) then
		return mw.ustring.format('§&nbsp;%s', section)
	else
		return mw.ustring.format('%s §&nbsp;%s', page, section)
	end
end

local function missingArgError(target)
	mError = require('Module:Error')
	return mError.error{message =
		'Error: no link or target specified! ([[' .. target .. '#Errors|help]])'
	}
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Main functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

function p.formatLink(frame)
	-- The formatLink export function, for use in templates.
	yesno = require('Module:Yesno')
	local args = getArgs(frame)
	local link = args[1] or args.link
	local target = args[3] or args.target
	if not (link or target) then
		return missingArgError('Template:Format link')
	end

	return p._formatLink{
		link = link,
		display = args[2] or args.display,
		target = target,
		italicizePage = yesno(args.italicizepage),
		italicizeSection = yesno(args.italicizesection),
		categorizeMissing = args.categorizemissing
	}
end

function p._formatLink(options)
	-- The formatLink export function, for use in modules.
	checkType('_formatLink', 1, options, 'table')
	local function check(key, expectedType) --for brevity
		checkTypeForNamedArg(
			'_formatLink', key, options[key], expectedType or 'string', true
		)
	end
	check('link')
	check('display')
	check('target')
	check('italicizePage', 'boolean')
	check('italicizeSection', 'boolean')
	check('categorizeMissing')

	-- Normalize link and target and check that at least one is present
	if options.link == '' then options.link = nil end
	if options.target == '' then options.target = nil end
	if not (options.link or options.target) then
		return missingArgError('Module:Format link')
	end

	local parsed = parseLink(options.link)
	local display = options.display or parsed.display
	local catMissing = options.categorizeMissing
	local category = ''

	-- Find the display text
	if not display then display = formatDisplay(parsed, options) end

	-- Handle the target option if present
	if options.target then
		local parsedTarget = parseLink(options.target)
		parsed.link = parsedTarget.link
		parsed.page = parsedTarget.page
	end

	-- Test if page exists if a diagnostic category is specified
	if catMissing and (mw.ustring.len(catMissing) > 0) then
		local title = nil
		if parsed.page then title = mw.title.new(parsed.page) end
		if title and (not title.isExternal) then
			local success, exists = pcall(function() return title.exists end)
			if success and not exists then
				category = mw.ustring.format('[[Category:%s]]', catMissing)
			end
		end
	end
	
	-- Format the result as a link
	if parsed.link == display then
		return mw.ustring.format('[[:%s]]%s', parsed.link, category)
	else
		return mw.ustring.format('[[:%s|%s]]%s', parsed.link, display, category)
	end
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Derived convenience functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

function p.formatPages(options, pages)
	-- Formats an array of pages using formatLink and the given options table,
	-- and returns it as an array. Nil values are not allowed.
	local ret = {}
	for i, page in ipairs(pages) do
		ret[i] = p._formatLink{
			link = page,
			categorizeMissing = options.categorizeMissing,
			italicizePage = options.italicizePage,
			italicizeSection = options.italicizeSection
		}
	end
	return ret
end

return p