Yiɣi chaŋ yɛligu maŋamaŋa puuni

Bimboɣkuŋ

Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia

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Interior of an outhouse the structure usually built over the pit to provide privacy

Yiŋ baanjir’ bihi nyɛla baanjir' shɛŋa ŋan tu ni nir' damdiri dinni ka bi zaŋdi kom. Di mali gungɔŋ bee bɔɣi shɛli bina ŋɔ ni kpɛra bee din laɣindi bina ŋɔ. Di nyɛla baanjir' shɛli din mali soochi bee alaha, di yi niŋ ka di yɛn yihi bindi maa kpaŋa ka chɛ daadama.[1]

Din dee yi niŋ ka baanjir’ duu ŋɔ yi me viɛnyɛliŋga, di labisiri doriti yɛliginsim nyaaŋa.[2][3] Dama zohi ban ʒiri binnɛma ban tiri doriti n-yiri bindi ni kpɛri bindira nyɛla di ni yɛn taɣi shɛba.[2] Vihigu wuhiya ni bihi ban kalinli yaɣi tusayɔpɔin ni pihinu (more than 7050children) kɔŋdila bɛ nyɛvuya pirimla yiŋ baanjir’ bihi ŋɔ kalinsi ti yinsi maa ni zuɣu.[3] Ka bihi ban kalinli yiɣisi tusaayi ni pihinu (2050 children) mi kɔŋdi shikuru chandi ka di mi bi yi shɛli pahila tiri ka nyɛra.[3][4] bimbɔɣ' kuma n-na nye so' shɛli bɛ ni doli n-yihiri bina kpaŋa ka chɛri daadama.[2]

Drawing of a simple pit latrine with a squatting pan and shelter.[5]

Yiŋ baanjir’ bihi ŋɔ pula yaɣa anu zuɣu.[1] Dini n-nyɛ: Bɔɣili, Tiŋgbanni, Voli, Bimbim n-ti pahi duu maa maŋmaŋa.[1] Andunia alaafee bomma tuma duunima yina n-ti wuhi ni di tuya ka ti yɛn me ti baanjir' duri ŋɔ, ka yihi li kpaŋa ka chɛ ti yinsi kamani napɔŋ yaabu buyɔbu(6metres away)zuɣu, bee napɔŋ yaabu pihita(30metres away)ka chɛ kom ni be shɛli, ka di dubu ni tooi lahi du m-paai daadam shee tariga(2metres), din kuli yɛn niŋ ka kom ku tooi kpe di ni.[2] Di yi ti niŋ ka bɔɣili maa pali n-ti paai di zuɣusaa, bee m-paai di pirigili, di tuya ni di bo soli n-yaai li bee n-taɣi gbi bɔɣili ka lee kpuɣi du’kurili maa.[2] Yaha, din dee yi niŋ ka di nyɛla nuhi ka bi yɛn zaŋ yaai bina ŋɔ, di tu ni bɛ chɛ di ni damdibu kamani yuma ayi pɔi ka naan yi tooi zaŋ nuhi yaai li.[2] Di bi tu ka tiŋgban' ni voli maa yaɣi santimita pishi ni anu zuɣu(25 cm), din yɛn taɣi bihi ka bɛ ku luri din ni.[2] Di bi lahi tu ni furila bee neesim be baanjira maa ni, din kuli yɛn niŋ ka di taɣi bee n-ku ti zohi soli ka bɛ nya soli n-kpe baanjir’ duu maa ni. Din dee yi bi tumda, di tuya ni bin’pindigu bee bin’liŋa pili di zuɣu.[6]

So’ shɛŋa bɛ ni doli n-kpaŋsiri yiŋ baanjir’bihi ŋɔ mɛbu zooya.[6] Di yini n-nyɛ paapu zaŋ sa baanjir’bɔɣili maa zuɣu ka di saai yaɣi baanjir’duu maa zuɣu.[6] Di chɛmi ka baanjira maa mali vuhim ka lahi baligiri nyɔm.[6] Di lahi baligiri zohi gubbu,din dee yi niŋ ka bɛ zaŋ mantankaliya n-lo paapu maa noli.[6] Yaha, di bi tu ni bin’liŋa pili binvoli maa.[1][6] Din lahi pahi nyɛmi ni bɛ sɔŋ tiŋgbani maa ni ka kom bi dooni di ni, di yi niŋ ka di nyu kom maa, din kuli yɛn chɛ ka di mali yaa. Di lahi tu ni ti kpaari tampilim bee taabo zim m-pari bindi maa zuɣu ka di nyɔm maa baligi. 2013 yuuni la, vihigu daa yina n-wuhi ni daadamanima ban kalinli yiɣisi biliyɔŋ yini ni pisopɔin ni apɔin (1.77billion) n-daa nyɛ ban zaŋ yiŋ baanjiriti ŋɔ ku bukaata, ka di nyɛla lala niriba ŋɔ maa pam nyɛla ban be tiŋkpansi.[7] Yaha, daadambiɛliŋ ban kalinli yiɣisi kamani biliyɔŋ dibaayi ni pirigili (2.5billion) gbaŋ daa nyɛla ban bi tooi nya sɔŋsim ni bɛ zaŋ yiŋ baanjir’bihi ŋɔ n-tum tuma, ka kalinli din yiɣisi biliyɔŋ yini(1billion) gba daa nyɛla ban damdiri baanjira mɔri ni.[8] Southern Asia mini sub saharan Africa n-nyɛ ban kuli bi nyari yiŋ baanjir’bihi ŋɔ m-mali kuri bukaata.[9]

Ti yi yuli andunia tiŋgbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigiri puuni, liɣiri din kpɛri baanjiriti ŋɔ yini kam mɛbu ni yiɣisi la Amerika dollar pishi ni anu mini pihiyɔbu sunsuuni.[10] Ti yi yuli India yaɣili ŋɔ, bɛ mali bɛ taachi bee shaara n-niŋda, din yɛn chɛ ka paɣiba zaɣisi dabba ban ka baanjiriti ŋɔ bɛ yinsi. Lala maa kpaŋsirila niriba ka bɛ mɛri baanjiriti ŋɔ bɛ yinsi.[11][12]

  1. 1 2 3 4 Tilley, E., Ulrich, L., Lüthi, C., Reymond, Ph. and Zurbrügg, C. (2014). Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies (2 ed.). Dübendorf, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag). ISBN 9783906484570.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Simple pit latrine (fact sheet 3.4) (1996). Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 Call to action on sanitation (pdf). Retrieved 15 August 2014.
  4. ↑ (Apr 20, 2013) "Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea.". Lancet 381 (9875): 1405–16. DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60222-6. PMID 23582727.
  5. ↑ WEDC. Latrine slabs: an engineer’s guide, WEDC Guide 005 (PDF). Water, Engineering and Development Centre The John Pickford Building School of Civil and Building Engineering Loughborough University. p. 22. ISBN 978 1 84380 143 6.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 François Brikké (2003). Linking technology choice with operation and maintenance in the context of community water supply and sanitation (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 108. ISBN 9241562153. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-11-05. Retrieved 2014-08-30.
  7. ↑ (May 2013) "Pit latrines and their impacts on groundwater quality: a systematic review.". Environmental health perspectives 121 (5): 521–30. DOI:10.1289/ehp.1206028. PMID 23518813.
  8. ↑ Progress on sanitation and drinking-water - 2014 update (PDF). WHO. 2014. pp. 16–20. ISBN 9789241507240. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2014-08-30.
  9. ↑ Selendy, Janine M. H. (2011). Water and sanitation-related diseases and the environment challenges, interventions, and preventive measures. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 25. ISBN 9781118148600.
  10. ↑ Sanitation and Hygiene in Africa Where Do We Stand?. Intl Water Assn. 2013. p. 161. ISBN 9781780405414.
  11. ↑ Global Problems, Smart Solutions: Costs and Benefits. Cambridge University Press. 2013. p. 623. ISBN 9781107435247.
  12. ↑ Stopnitzky, Yaniv (12 December 2011). Haryana's scarce women tell potential suitors: "No loo, no I do". Blog of World Bank. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
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