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Yaa Asantewaa

Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia

  

Yaa Asantewaa
Queen mother (en) Translate


queen mother in Africa (en) Translate

Besease (en) Translate, 1832
O ya TiŋgbaŋGold Coast
Kpibu sheeSeychelles, Silimin gɔli October 17, 1921
Education
Bala yɛlibu, sabbu bee buɣisibuTwi (en) Translate
Tuma
TumaToondana, military leader (en) Translate ni resistance fighter (en) Translate
ZabiliWar of the Golden Stool (en) Translate
Anglo-Ashanti wars (en) Translate
Ya Asantewaa, Queen of Ejisu
Yaa Asantewaa Museum

Yaa Asantewaa I (c. 1840 – 17 October 1921) daa nyɛla Ejisu din be Ashanti Empire la napaɣa saha ŋɔ din pa nyɛla Ghana yaɣi shɛli.o tizodoo Nana Akwasi Afrane Okese n-daa nyɛ ŋun daa piigi o "Edwesuhene" bee Edwesu kpɛma. Yuuni 1900 puli ni, ŋuna n-daa nyɛ ŋun gari tooni n-tuhi Kanbonsi tɔbu shɛli bɛ ni lahi m-booni salima kuɣu tɔbu ("War of the Golden Stool") la, bee Yaa Asantewaa maŋsulinsi tɔbu shɛli bɛ mini "British Empire" ni daa tuhi la.[1]

Bɛ daa dɔɣila la Yaa Asantewaa 1840 yuuni tiŋ' din yuli booni Besease la. O laamba n-daa nyɛ Kwaku Ampoma mini Ata Po. O tizodoo, Afrane Panin, daa lebila naa n-zaŋ ti Edweso , tiŋ' din daa m-baɣi ba la. O daa kola binbira poli shɛli din m-baɣi tiŋ' din yuli booni Boankra la. O daa kuli la Kumahi doo, ka doo maa daa lee mali paɣa, ka bɛ daa dɔɣi bipuɣinbila.[2]

Asantewaa daa kpila tiŋ' din yuli booni Seychelles yuuni 1921. O daa nyɛla pukpara dahimlana ka lahi nyɛ ma suŋ. O daa nyɛla baŋsim lana, siyaasa nira, ŋun zabiri salo hachinim zuɣu, napaɣa ka lahi nyɛ tɔbu toondana. Yaa Asantewaa yuli daa yila polo saha shɛli o ni daa nyɛ Ashanti nanim toondana ka bɛ tuhi salima kuɣu tɔbu maa zuɣu, Yaa Asantewaa tɔbu shɛli bɛ mini British nima ni daa tuhiri ni bi gu salima nam kuɣ' maa.[3]

Yaa Asantewaa tizodoo ŋun daa nyɛ o beli, Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase daa nyɛla ŋun daa za zaashe karili ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka o daa piigi Asantewaa n-leegi paɣa naa. Di daa nyɛla zaashe karili din mali yuli pam[4] dama o tuma n-daa nyɛ li ni o gu ka taɣi salima nam kuɣu, n-tiri Ashanti Naa saɣisigu, ka piiri niriba ban tu ni bɛ tooi lee nanima naa maa nyaaŋa. O tizodoo ŋɔ nam saha, Yaa Asantewaa daa nyɛla ŋun daa nya yɛla pam ni niŋ ka mali barina ti bɛ sɔhibiɛɣuni,[5] tɔbu din daa ŋme yuuni 1883 hali ni yuuni 1888 daa nyɛla yɛla ŋɔ puuni yini.[6] Dini daa niŋ ka o tizodoo ŋɔ daa ti kani yuuni 1894, Yaa Asantewaa daa zaŋla ya'shali o n daai mali maa m-piigi o yaanga ka o leegi[7] Ejisuhene. Di ni daa niŋ ka Britiish nim daa kari o yaaŋa ŋɔ tahi Seychelles yuuni 1896, o mini Asante Prempeh I naa n-ti pahi Ashanti gɔmnanti ni ninvuɣ shɛba, Yaa Asantewaa n daa zani o zaani n gbubi Ejisu–Juaben yaɣili. Naa Prempeh I kari yihi nyaaŋa, Britiish zuɣulana n zaŋti Gold Coast, Frederick Hodgson, daa zami ni shee o deei bɛ salima nam kuɣu din nya Ashanti tiŋgbani symbol maa.[2] Lala yɛltɔɣa ŋɔ maa daa che ka ninvuɣ'shɛb ba kpalim Ashanti gɔmnanti niriba daa soɣi laɣim tab Kumasi, tɔɣisi bɛ ni yɛn niŋ shɛm n labisi bɛ naa na. Nangbakpeeni daa luna bɛ sunsuuni zaŋ kpa bɛ ni yan niŋ shɛm. Yaa Asantewaa, ŋun daa be laɣingu ŋɔ ni, daa vaai yiɣisi zani ka di fiila ŋɔ:

Wula ka ninvuɣu kpɛma ni bidibsi kamani Ashantinima yɛn ʒia yuuni siliminga ka o kana n ti kpuɣi bɛ nanima chaŋ n-ti nahimdi ba, ka di nyɛla bɛ bɔrila bɛ salima nam kuɣu. Salima kuɣu ɣɔ nyɛla ariʒichi ti siliminsi ŋɔ bana; Bɛ gbi luɣili kam be bɔri la di shee. Man' ku yo hali kobo janjani n-ti bɛ zuɣulana ŋɔ. Di yi niŋ ka yi nanima ŋɔ yɛn be ka dabiɛma nima ka ku tuhi, din ŋuna paamiya yi chinchina ŋɔ na ka dee n-pɛto.[8]

N-yɛn wuhi o nimmɔhi zaŋ chaŋ tobu maa polo, Yaa Asantewaa daa darigi deei malifa luhi buɣim dabba ŋɔ tooni.[8]

Yaa Asantewaa daa nyɛla Ashanti na'bihi ni piigi ni o lee toondana n ʒi tob' bihi chaŋ tobu maa ni. Dinboŋɔ n nyɛ tuuli ni kotɔmsi din yi di ko bɛ ni paɣa lala tuma ŋɔ Ashanti taarihi ni.[9] Yaa Asantewaa daa kpaŋsi ka nyɛm o niriba ŋɔ ni, ni bɛ chaŋ n ti tuhi British nima' ka di fiila ŋɔ:

Ashanti bidib' kuma, ti nyɛla Britiishi zuɣulana ni bo vu karili ka di nyɛla o bɔri la ti salima nam kuɣu, din nya simbuli wuhiri Ashanti zaa nangban yini. Di bi yuui, siliminga ŋɔ daa kana ti ʒini ti tiŋgbani ŋɔ ni ka zaŋ kpɛŋ deei Ashanti ni di lee bɛ sulinsi. Di bi tu ni ti lahi tam ni naa Karikari saha, niriba ŋɔ daa lahi nyɛla ban ŋmɛ ti tobuhankali ni ku tooi deei, n-saɣim ti nayili ka nyo li buɣim bɛ ni daa va binshɛɣu kam yi dini naai. Bɛ zuɣulana ŋɔ daa gbahi ti Naa mini o nabihi ka so bi yaagi o noli. Zuŋɔ, o lahi labina ni o bɔri la ti salima nam kuɣu. Yi nim bidibsi ni dobba, ti tu ni kuli ʒi ka niŋdi ka mani binkobiri maa? Di tuya ni ti yiɣisi zab' ti maŋ zuɣu; din mali anfaani ni ti kpi n-gari ti ʒia ka siliminsi ban niya ti tiŋgbani ŋɔ ni kuli bɛ zu ariʒichi kana ti ku ti ka saɣim ti nɛma, ka lahi bɔri ni bɛ zu ti salima nam kuɣu. Yiɣisim ya! Ka ti gu ka taɣi ti salima nam kuɣu ka che siliminsi ŋɔ. Din mali anfaani ni ti kpi n-gari ni ti kuli be dablim ni saha kam. M mali ʒili n-gari tooni zaŋ ya chaŋ ti tuhi siliminsi ŋɔ.

Ashanti yiŋ linjima tali daa nyɛla din labi yiɣisi zaŋ yi o nimohi ni siliminsi ŋɔ tuhibu polo. [citation needed] O nini daa bi tiɣidobba ŋɔ niŋsim zaŋ chaŋ siliminsi tuhi polo. Yaa Asantewaa daa ŋmɛ paɣatali ni dotali naangbakpeeni ka kpaŋsi bipuɣinsi ni yiɣisi tuhi. Ashanti mini British salima nam kuɣu tobu ka lahi booni ni li "Yaa Asantewaa tobu"[10] – daa nyɛla naa Nana Yaa Asantewaa ni gari tooni ni tob' bihi tusaanu.[11]

Tobu maa saha mini di nyaaŋa

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Duu maa daa nyela Yaa Asantuwa sarika niriba ni daa nyeli shem

Di daa pilila nashaara goli March  yuuni 1900, tobu maa ni daa paai gbaŋpiɛla maa na Kumasi,  luɣshɛli bɛ ni daa saɣi n-deei. Zabili maa na kuli benimi hali ni zuŋɔ kamani Kumasi zaba mini linjima nima binyera duu. Chira a shɛm nyaaŋa,  Gold coast zuɣulana daa timila tobu bihi 1400 tobu maa ni. Zabili maa ni, Yaa Asantuwa mini ninvuɣi pia ni anu shɛba ban daa saɣisiri o _Nana Akwasi Afrane Okpase, Nana Kwaku Duah, Nana Yaw Akoto, Nana Abena Nkyinkyim, Nana Osei Tutu II, Nana Adjei Kwaku, Nana Afia Kobi Serwaa Ampem, Nana Kofi Kumi, Nana Kwabena Nkyinkyim, Nana Okwan Nkyinkyim, Nana Agyeman Badu, Nana Ntiamoah, Nana Ababio, Nana Afia Nkyinkyim n ti pahi Nana Osei Bonsu _ be daa gbahi ba mi ka zaŋba n cheŋ ti bahi Seychelles. Amaa o saɣisiriba maa yuya daa bi kpe puuni litiricha kundu ŋan beni maa ni[12] Tobu tuhiriba maa daa zanimi n ti bahigu tobu Anglo- Asante tobu din daa niŋ 19th century la. Lala liribu ŋɔ , Ashanti tobu bihi ban kalinli daa yaɣi tusa ayi ( 2000 ) daa kɔŋla be nyɛvuya ka British nima gba kamani ninvuɣi tuhili (1000) gba daa kɔŋ be nyɛvuya . Dini n daa nye nyɛvuya ni yi pam shelini Anglo-Ashanti tobu maa ni ka di daa niŋ la chira ayobu. Nashaara goli January dahinyini dali yuuni 1902. British daa ti bahi fa Empire sheŋa Ashanti nima maa ni daa su kamani yuun kobiga nyaaŋa, ka be lɛbigirila Ashanti nima maa British nam guriba[13]

Frederick Mitchell Hodgson daa zami ni Ashanti zaŋ mi bɛ salima kuɣu la nti ti o saha shɛli Ashanti nima ni daa saha n ti ni bɛ ku tooi di nasara Britain nim zuɣu. Salima Kua maa nyɛla din gaƔim ka mali dariza Ashanti tingbaŋ nyɛvuli ni tuun kurumbuni ha daa be nimaani n-ti paai yuun’ kɔbiga ayɔpɔin saha shɛli saha miriya ka bɛ daa kul mali chaŋ tiŋgbɔŋ maa. Kukɔɣili maa nyɛla zaɣ’ jilima mini zaɣ’ pinaayi din yɛliŋ mi miri ka naanyi ʒini di ʒini di zuɣusaa polo. Bɛ ni daa zaŋ salima kuɣ’ gahindili maa ti bahi ka bɛ naanyi zaŋ salima kukɔɣili maa zuɣu ti sɔɣi. 1920, Africa tiŋgbɔŋ niŋgbuŋ daa nyɛla salima kukɔɣili maa zuɣu ka bɛ daa ti tum tuun’ shɛŋa, ka bɛ daa naanyi zaŋ salima zuɣu n-kɔb’ bɛ ni ti bɛ niŋ salima zuɣ’ shɛŋa niri salima la. British nima ŋɔ daa saɣiti ni bɛ yihi bɛ nuu salima kuɣu ŋɔ ("Golden Stool") yɛltɔɣa ni, bɛ ni daa nya di yaa maa ni be shɛli maa. Salima kuɣu ŋɔ na beni hali ni zuŋɔ n-ti pahi Asantehene (Ashanti naa) piibu ni o ti ʒi nam ni.[14]

Nana Yaa Asantewaa daa kpila silimiin goli nashaara goli October yuuni 1921. Yuma ata o kpibu nyaaŋa , nashaara goli December  beɣu pia ni ayopɔin yuuni 1924, Naa prempeh ŋun nye tuuli mini ninvuɣi sheba ban daa be Ashanti exiled kootu maa ni daa nyela soli ni be labina Ashanti. Naa Prempeh ŋun nye tuuli daa chɛmi ka Yaa Asantuwa mini ban daa pahi maa niŋgbuna n labina Ashanti ni be ti simsi ba..[15] Queen Yaa Asantuwa teha zaŋ chɛŋ Asanti maŋ sulinsi deebu nye be ni daa baŋ sheli nashaara goli March yuuni 1957, din daa niŋ ka Ashanti yaɣa nima deei maŋsulinsi n pahi Ghana zuɣu.  Ghana n daa nye tuuli gbaŋsabila tiŋgbani ban di nasara ŋɔ maa.[16]

Biehigu ni tuma n zaŋ ti Ashanti paɣaba

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Nana Yaa Asantewaa daa gbaaila British sulinsi zalisi ' ramifications' maa. Ghana nima zuŋɔ nye o mi ka o nyela paɣadede ŋun zaŋ o siyaasa mini ninsalisili biehigu n suŋsi n gu ka taɣi o tingbani. O niŋsim maa daa kpehila Ashanti dabiba korusi ni tuhi British nima maa, di daa yina ni di mali bukaata ni o ni nye so maa.[17] Ashanti niriba dahila bɛ mayiya polo, ka bɛ kpuɣila daŋ din yi paɣa bee mayili puuni ka di yirina paɣaba sani ŋun yina paɣa so ŋun gba yina paɣaba sani. Ashanti niriba tiri la paɣa ni o bia kom yirina ka tiŋgbani yirina dabba sani. Paɣa Naa daa nyɛla Kpeen so ŋun gba daa nyɛ paɣa bia ka o daa nyɛ kpamba zaa ma. Yaa Asantewaa daa nyɛla ŋun mali yaa pam ka o nyɛ paɣa so ŋun mali toosim pam ka o daa doli Ashanti niriba saha shɛli din daa bi niŋ kasi. Nana Yaa Asantewaa boligu paɣaba ban be Asante tiŋgbani puuni nyɛla din be paɣaba ban be Akan tiŋgbani puuni ni bɛ ni mali bɛ maŋa shɛm ni bɛ ni mali bɛ maŋa shɛm ni bɛ ni mali bɛ maŋa shɛm. Dabba kpamba ban be Akan tiŋgbani puuni mali la paɣaba kpamba ban nyɛ bɛ tizopaɣa. Lala tiŋgbani ŋɔ puuni, kpamba ban nyɛ ŋun kam ŋun nyɛ kpɛma ban be matrilineages (mpanyimfo) puuni, ka bɛ booni li ôdekuro. Paɣaba ban nyɛ kpamba, bɛ ni booni shɛba mpanyinfo, ka bɛ booni ba aberewa bee ôbaa panyin, ka bɛ mali bɛ maŋa shɛm ni bɛ ni mali bɛ maŋa shɛm. Ôdekuro kam, ôbaa panyin nyɛla ŋun mali yiko pam ka o nyɛ ŋun su paɣaba ban be tiŋgbani ŋɔ puuni ka lahi nyɛ ŋun be kpamba puuni.[18]

Daŋ kpɛma, ŋun nyɛ ôhene, ni tiŋgbani kpɛma, Amanhene, mali la paɣaba ban nyɛ bɛ tizopaɣaba, bɛ ni booni shɛba ôhemaa: paɣa so ŋun nyɛ kpɛma ka o be bɛ kpamba ni. Ôhemaa mini ôhene zaa nyɛla ban yi daŋ yini ni na, mogya bee matrilineage daŋ yini ni. Asantehemaa, ŋun nyɛ paɣa so ŋun be Kumasi tiŋgbani puuni, mali la yiko pam ka o nyɛ ŋun su Asante tiŋgbani zaa. O dabba tizoɣu, ŋun nyɛ Asantehene kpɛma ni ŋun be o kpamba ni, o gba nyɛla ŋun be Kôtôkô Council, din nyɛ kpamba ban su tiŋgbani ŋɔ ka bɛ nyɛ Asanteman Nhyiamu kpamba. Paɣaba ban nyɛ kpamba gba nyɛla ban mali yiko pam ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam, ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam, ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam ka bɛ nyɛ ban mali yiko pam.[19]

O zaashee zaŋ chaŋ yelttɔɣikura kaya ni taada yuli zalibu

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Yaa Asantewaa na nyela ninvuɣi so be ni yu Ashanti yeɣili mini Ghana yaɣa pam zaŋ kpa kurumbuna lahabaya polo, o tuma daa nyela o zabirila British sulinsi. O nyela ŋun daa ''immortalized'' yilli sheli ŋan do gbunni ŋɔ puuni.

Koo koo hin koo

Yaa Asantewaa ee!

Obaa basia

Ogyina apremo ano ee!

Waye be egyae

Na Wabo mmode




Ti yi yen lihi anfaabi nima zaŋ kpa bipuɣinsi tooni tali polo ti Ghana ŋɔ,  Yaa Asantuwa Girl's bikura shikuru daa zalila Kumasi yuuni 1960, ka di nyela Ghana baŋsim bobu yaɣili.[23]

Yuuni 2000, bakoi yini chuɣu daa puhila Ghana ni di yi Yaa Asantuwa  nasara dibo n wuhi salo. Chuɣu ŋɔ puuni, museum daa dedicate mi n ti o la Kwaso din be Ejisu-Juaben yaɣili la ni nashaara goli August dabaa ata dali yuuni 2000. Nasara kalinsi, buɣim daa dila be yelikura maa sheŋa  o namda mini o tobu nema daa pahiya nashaara goli July yuuni 2004.(batakarikese) a ni nya sheli anfooni ŋan bɛ zuɣu saa maa ni maa.[24][25] Queen mother so ŋun na ʒi Ejisu gbana ŋɔ zuɣu nyela Yaa Asantuwa ŋun pahi ayi. Yaa Asantuwa chuɣu ŋan pahi ayi daa niŋla nashaara goli August dabisili yini zaŋ chaŋ dabaa anu yuuni 2006 Ejisu tiŋgbani ni.[26]

Pumpoŋɔ boligu din daa boli ni be mɛ Yaa Asantuwa binkura biehigu shee

Yaa Asantuwa senta din be Maida Vale, west London, nyela gbaŋsabila- Caribbean mebu mini tiŋa dema dug.[27] be daa zali li la yuuni 1986[28] ka zaŋ o yuli n bolili. Lala duu ŋɔ zanimi n ti ti kaya dema duu ni tiŋa ni laɣinsi ka di nyela di borimi ni de kpuɣi ti gbansabila tiŋgbani polo zuɣu saa UK tingbani ni.

Niniyula kpandɔɣu puuni lahabaya Ivor Agyeman-Duah, ni yihi sheli na ka boli di yuli Yaa Asantuwa _.  Exile zuɣulana Prempeh mini Paɣa dede Gbansabila tiŋgbani puuni daa yihimi n wuhi salo la Ghana tiŋgbani ni yuuni2001.[29]

Kundu shɛli be ni bol 'i stage show' ka di nyela Margaret Busby n daa sabi li : Yaa Asantuwa : paɣa tobituhira,  Geraldine Connor n daa lihiri ka di chena n zaŋ luŋ ŋmɛri biinga pahi Kofi Guanabara[30][31] be mini pan_ African cast, gili la UK ni Ghana yuuni 2001 zaŋ hali ni 2002[32][33] Walansi dema lala sasabira maa yaha daa pirimi ni yaɣa diba anu( nashaara goli October bieɣu pia ni ata zaŋ chaŋ bieɣu pia ni apɔin yuuni 2003) [34] BBC radio paɣaba  anahi saha daa beni n ti pahi Glenna Foster- Jones ni Jack Klaff, Pam Fraser Solomon n daa yuuni di zuɣu, ka Gbemisola Ikumelo, ni Nana Tsiboe, Kofi Adu,Jojo Yates , Asabre Quaye ni AtongoZimba.[35][36][37]

Yuuni 2018 album din daa yina British jazz troupe bidibsi zaŋ ti kemet, Yi paɣa dede maa daa nyela 'Reptile ' n zaŋ gbansabilli paɣa yu zalibo kurumbuna maa ni n  boli yila . Yaa Asantuwa yuli n daa bɛ yilli ŋan pahi ayopɔin ni " My Queen is Yaa Asantuwa ". Yaa Asantuwa daa nyela duniya zaa ni daa mi so yela ka di nyela o kpaŋmaŋa zaŋ cheŋ paɣaba " rights mini freedom. Germany tiŋgbani ni be daa zaŋla o yuli n ti pini sheli ka di nyela be nintiɣili ni gbansabila tiŋgbani paɣaba kpaŋmaŋa

  1. ↑ Appiah, Kwame Anthony, and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. (eds), Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, 1999, p. 276.
  2. 1 2 Korsah, Chantal (22 July 2016). Yaa Asantewaa. Dangerous Women.
  3. ↑ Nana Yaa Asantewaa.
  4. ↑ Queen Mother Nana Yaa Asantewaa of West Africa's Ashanti Empire (en).
  5. ↑ The Gold Coast: The Yaa Asantewaa War (en).
  6. ↑ Igboho and allegory of Asantehene golden stool (en-US) (2021-07-24).
  7. ↑ Yaa Asantewaa (en-GB) (2016-07-22).
  8. 1 2 Aidoo, Agnes Akosua (1977). "Asante Queen Mothers in Government and Politics in the Nineteenth Century". Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria 9 (1).
  9. ↑ Brempong, Arhin (2000). "The role of Nana Yaa Asantewaa in the 1900 Asante War of Resistance". Le Griot VIII.
  10. ↑ Boyd, Herb (5 April 2018). "Queen-mother Yaa Asantewaa led the fight against British colonialism". New York Amsterdam News. http://amsterdamnews.com/news/2018/apr/05/queen-mother-yaa-asantewaa-led-fight-against-briti/?page=1.
  11. ↑ Queen Mother Nana Yaa Asantewaa of West Africa's Ashanti Empire (en).
  12. ↑ Berry, L. V., Ghana: a Country Study.
  13. ↑ Boahen, A. Adu (2003). Queen Yaa Asantewaa and the Asante-British War of 1900-1. James Currey Publishers. ISBN 978-0-85255-443-2.
  14. ↑ July 17, 1900: Kumasi surrenders to British forces under Sir Frederick Hodgson (en-US) (2017-07-17).
  15. ↑ Boahen, A. Adu (2003). The History of Ashanti Kings and the Whole Country Itself and Other Writings. British Academy. pp. 25–. ISBN 978-0-19-726261-0.
  16. ↑ Bourret, F. M. (1960). Ghana, the Road to Independence, 1919–1957. Stanford University Press. pp. 2–. ISBN 978-0-8047-0400-7.
  17. ↑ Karen, McGee (2015). The Impact of Matriarchal Traditions on the Advancement of Ashanti Women in Ghana.
  18. ↑ Arhin, Kwame (2001). Transformations in Traditional Rule in Ghana: 1951–1996. Sedco. ISBN 978-9964-72-173-2.
  19. ↑ Arhin, Kwame, "The Political and Military Roles of Akan Women", in Christine Oppong (ed.), Female and Male in West Africa, London: Allen and Unwin, 1983.
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