Mohamed Boudiaf

 

Mohamed Boudiaf (23 June 1919 – 29 June 1992, Arabic: محمد بوضياف‎; ALA-LC: Muḥammad Bū-Ḍiyāf), also called Si Tayeb el Watani, was an Algerian politician and statesman, and one of the founders of the revolutionary National Liberation Front (FLN) that led the Algerian War of Independence (1954–1962). Boudiaf was exiled soon after Algeria's independence and did not go back to Algeria for 27 years. He returned in 1992 to accept his appointed position of Chairman of the High Council of State, but he was assassinated four months later.

Early years

Mohamed Boudiaf bɛ daa dɔɣu la Ouled Madhi (ka pa bɛ M'Sila Province), French Algeria, n zaŋ to daŋ shɛli bɛ booni erstwhile nobility ka nyɛ ban lu zaŋ kpa zamatu Haŋ kali saha shɛli gbaŋ sabla ni daa gbahariti daba maa. . o shikuru daa nyɛla din zani solini saha shɛli o daa bɛ primary ka di nyala oo daa laa fɛ nbɛ saɣi so (tuberculosis) din lahi pahi nyɛ o saha zaŋ kpa nascent nationalist movement. o daa pahi Parti du Peuple Algérien (PPA) of Messali Hadj, din nyanga ka daa chaŋ ti pahi laɣiŋgu bɛ booni successor organization MTLD ka di nyɛ a shili paramilitary wing, Organisation Spéciale (OS). Boudiaf daa nyɛla ŋun laɣin di OS network Sétif region puuni, n gu tobu nayama, n deeri lahari kalahi maani guerrilla soja shili. French Zuɣu laan ba daa bori ni bɛ zaŋɔ niŋ sarakani bɛ booni absentia yuun pia, amaa ka bɛ too kpaago.

Messali ni daa pa bori ni o wurum OS. ka o niriba borim ni bɛ laɣim n laɣim gba hakali shɛli bɛ yen niŋ n pili CRUA, ka bɛ kpa comitee ni bɛ lihiri tobu zuhu. Boudiaf daa pahi bɛ zuɣu, after falling out with Messali, whom he accused of authoritarian tendencies. The CRUA - PPA/MTLD rivalry quickly spiralled towards violence, and would continue during the Algerian War until the PPA/MTLD (then reorganized as the Mouvement National Algérien, MNA) was largely destroyed. In July 1954, the CRUA-aligned Boudiaf survived an assassination attempt by his former comrades-in-arms, wounded and left for dead on an Algiers sidewalk.

The CRUA re-emerged as the Front de Libération Nationale, or FLN, which began a nationwide armed insurrection against France on November 1, 1954. Boudiaf was by this time a main leader of the movement, and emerged as an important member of the exiled leadership working from Cairo and Algeria's neighbouring countries. In 1956, he was captured along with Ahmed Ben Bella and several other FLN leaders in a controversial aircraft hijacking by French forces, and imprisoned in France. While prisoner, he was symbolically elected minister in the FLN's government-in-exile, the GPRA, at its creation in 1958, and re-elected in 1960 and 1961. Additionally, he was named one of the Vice Presidents. He was not released until immediately before the independence of Algeria in 1962, after a brutal eight-year war that had cost between 350,000 and 1.5 million lives.

totɔli zulunsi saha, tobu daa nyɛla din to FLN puuni, which split into rival factions as French forces withdrew. A military-political alliance between col. Houari Boumédiène of the Armée de Libération Nationale (ALN) and Ahmed Ben Bella, of the exiled leadership, brought down their rivals and set up a single-party state under Ben Bella's presidency.