Haitian independence debt
Haitian independence debt puuni, 1825 la am gbaayi gba ziya daa pahi Haiti mini France sunsuuni . Bi daa yar ri ni France gba daa pahiya n bori indemnity of 150 million francs , five annual payments of 30 million ka Haiti Nya ban yan yoorili in claims over property including Haitian slaves bi daa lab Sheili lala . Haitian Revolution puuni . Kalei dei diplomatic recognition. Bi daa zag yaa Chaka Haiti dei loan zag ti bi tuuli f30 million,[lower-alpha 1] and in 1838 France agreed to reduce the remaining debt to 60 million to be paid over 30 years, with the final payment paid in 1883.[1][2][lower-alpha 2] However, The New York Times estimates that because of other loans taken to pay off this loan, the final payment to debtors was actually in 1947. They approximated that in total 112 million francs was paid in indemnity, which when adjusted for the inflation rate would be $560 million in 2022, but considering that if it had been invested in the Haitian economy instead, it could be valued at $115 billion.[4][5][lower-alpha 3] In 2025, France created a commission to study the impact of the debt France imposed on Haiti.[7]
- ↑ According to NYT, 30 million francs was about six times that of the Haitian income that year.
- ↑ The New York Times states it was 1888.[3]
- ↑ For comparison, Haiti's nominal GDP in 2020 stood at 14.508 billion USD.[6]
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- ↑ Forsdick, Charles (2013). "Haiti and France: Settling the Debts of the Past". Politics and Power in Haiti: 141–159. DOI:10.1057/9781137312006_7.
- ↑ de Cordoba, Jose (2004-01-02). "Impoverished Haiti Pins Hopes for Future On a Very Old Debt" (en-US). The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB107300144534788700.
- ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:5 - ↑ Gamio, Lazaro; Méheut, Constant; Porter, Catherine; Gebrekidan, Selam; McCann, Allison; Apuzzo, Matt (2022-05-20). "Haiti's Lost Billions" (en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/05/20/world/americas/enslaved-haiti-debt-timeline.html.
- ↑ Méheut, Constant; Porter, Catherine; Gebrekidan, Selam; Apuzzo, Matt (2022-05-20). "Demanding Reparations, and Ending Up in Exile" (en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/20/world/americas/haiti-aristide-reparations-france.html.
- ↑ Report for Selected Countries and Subjects.
- ↑ France's Debt to Haiti: A Day Late, A Dollar Short - Daily Euro Times (en-GB) (2025-04-22).