Yiɣi chaŋ yɛligu maŋamaŋa puuni

African diaspora

Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia

Tɛmplet:Infobox ethnic group

African diaspora ŋɔ nyɛla dunia zaa dabba ban nyɛ gbaŋsabila ni be tiŋgbani shɛŋa.[1] Lala yuli ŋɔ nyɛla din zani n-ti bilichininima zaŋ n-ti West mini Central Africans dabba shɛba bɛ ni daa gbahi labisi ka di nyɛ Atlantic slave trade bin din gbaai 16th zaŋ hali ni 19th centuries, ka bɛ kalinli nyɛ din galisi Brazil, United States, Colombia, n-ti pahi Haiti.[2][3] Lala yuli ŋɔ gba nyɛla din ni tooi zani n-ti gbansabila bilichininima ban yi labi tiŋgbani shɛŋa dabam dunia ŋɔ ni. Baŋdiba nyɛla ban pu lala chani ŋɔ bunahi zuɣu zaŋ n-ti gbaŋsabila tiŋgbana.[4]

Yɛltɔɣili din nyɛ African diaspora nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli bolibu bee zaŋ tum tuma 21st century.[5] Yɛltɔɣili din nyɛ "diaspora" nyɛla din yina Greek διασπορά (diaspora, "scattering") ka di Silimiinsili nya naba zani di ni daa niŋ ka bɛ nya di kundivihirili Jewish diaspora pɔi ka bɛ naayi piligi di zaŋ tum tuma luɣ'shɛŋa din pahi ni.[6] Saha ŋɔ, lala yɛltɔɣili ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ ni tooi mali shɛli tumdi tuma "scholarship" ni ka di gbunni nyɛ ninvuɣ shɛba ban yi gbaŋsabila tiŋgbana ni kpɛ gbaŋpiɛlla tiŋgbani.[7]

African Union (AU) nyɛla ban yɛlli ni African diaspora nyɛla bilichininima zaŋ n-ti gbaŋsabila bee ban tabi gbaŋsabila nyɛ ban yi bɛ tiŋgbana ni labi gbaŋpiɛlla tiŋgbana ni ka nyɛ ban mali niya ni bɛ sɔŋ lala tiŋgbani maa tooni chandi mini African Uniontabi sɔŋ .[8][9]

History

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18th-century painting showing a family of Africans

Dispersal through slave trade

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Gbaŋsabila pam nyɛla ban be North America, South America, Europe, ni Asia saha shɛli Atlantic, Trans-Saharan, Red Sea n-ti pahi Indian Ocean dabba daabiligu ni daa be ni.

Aithiopian dabba nyɛla ban daa tooi tumdi yiŋ tuma mini diɛma tuma.[10]

Dispersal through voluntary migration

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Tum Spanish dabba gbahibu kpɛhi America, gbaŋsabila nyɛla ban tooi kpɛri gbaŋpiɛlla tiŋgbana ŋɔ ni bɛ suhi yurilim mini yaa zaŋ gbahi ba kpɛhi ka bɛ nyɛ dabba.[3][11] Juan Garrido daa nyɛla African conquistador. O nyɛla ŋun daa gari Atlantic yuuni 1510s ka nyɛ ŋun daa be siege of Tenochtitlan.[12] Gbaŋsabila nyɛla ban daa pun be Asia mini Europe saha waɣala pɔi ka Columbus's chandi daa naayi piligi. 20th century naabu ni, gbaŋsabila nyɛla ban piligi Europe kpɛbu ka bɛ kalinli nyɛ din daa kuli pahiri America.[13]

Du Bois looking to the camera
20th-century American philosopher and sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois wrote extensively on the black experience in his homeland and abroad; he spent the last two years of his life in the newly independent Ghana and got citizenship there.

Populations and estimated distribution

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African diaspora kalinli nyɛ din doli na ŋɔ:

Continent or region Country population Afro-descendants [15] African and African-mixed population
Caribbean41,309,32767%27,654,061
Tɛmplet:Country data Saint Kitts and Nevis39,61998%38,827
Tɛmplet:Country data Dominica71,29396% (87% African + 9% Mixed)61,882 + 9,411
Tɛmplet:Country data Haiti10,646,71495%10,114,378
Tɛmplet:Country data Antigua and Barbuda78,00095%63,000
Tɛmplet:Country data Jamaica[16]2,812,09092.1%2,663,614
Tɛmplet:Country data Grenada110,00091%101,309
Tɛmplet:Country data The Bahamas332,63490.6% (African + British mixed)301,366
Tɛmplet:Country data Barbados281,96890%253,771
Tɛmplet:Country data Netherlands Antilles225,36985%191,564
Tɛmplet:Country data Saint Vincent and the Grenadines118,43285%100,667
Tɛmplet:Country data British Virgin Islands24,00483%19,923
Tɛmplet:Country data Saint Lucia172,88483%142,629
 Dominican Republic[17][18]10,090,00083% (11% Afro, 72% Mixed)1,109,900 + 8,000,000
Tɛmplet:Country data US Virgin Islands108,21080%86,243
Tɛmplet:Country data Bermuda66,53661%40,720
Tɛmplet:Country data Cayman Islands47,86260%28,717
 Cuba[19]11,116,39635%3,890,738
 Trinidad and Tobago[20]1,215,52734.2%415,710
Tɛmplet:Country data Puerto Rico[21]3,285,87417.5% (African + Taino mixed)558,598
South America388,570,461N/AN/A
 French Guiana199,50966%131,676
 Suriname632,63837%223,718
 Guyana770,79436%277,486
 Colombia[22]53,093,63210.6–25% (10% African, 15% Mulattoes, Mixed and other groups)7,800,000–13,000,000; Some studies (from the United Nations) suggests that the percentage of Afro-Colombians (including mixed race groups) are around 25% or lower than the entire population in Colombia. The city of Quibdo, (Chocó)[citation needed] has the highest percentage of Afro-Colombians than any other city in the country with 95.3% of its residents. The Colombian government estimates that 10.6% of Colombia's population are entirely of African descent.
 Brazil213,650,00055.5%117,983,981[23]
 Ecuador[24]13,927,6505%680,000
 Uruguay3,494,3824%255,074
 Venezuela[25]27,227,9303% (African)1,087,427
 Peru29,496,0003%828,841
 Chile17,094,2701%170,943*
 Argentina46,044,703<1%302,936
 Bolivia10,027,254<1%23,330
 Paraguay6,109,903<1%8,013
North America450,545,36810%42,907,538
 United States[26]328,745,53812%42,020,743 According to the genomics company 23andMe, less than 4% of White Americans have 1% or more of African ancestry.[27] Including this figure changes the total to 49,241,508
 Canada[28]39,566,2484%1,547,870
 Mexico108,700,8911%1,386,556[29]
Central America41,283,6524%1,453,761
Tɛmplet:Country data Belize301,27031%93,394
 Panama3,292,69311%362,196
Tɛmplet:Country data Nicaragua5,785,8469%520,726
 Costa Rica4,195,9143%125,877
[[File:|23x15px|border |alt=|link=]] Honduras7,639,3272%152,787
Europe738,856,4621%< 8,000,000
 France[30]68,000,0008%Approximately 3–5 millions.[31]

It is illegal for the French State to collect data on ethnicity and race.

 Portugal10,467,3667%645,000 (People with recent immigrant background are only 325,000 (2023)) It is illegal for the Portuguese State to collect data on ethnicity and race. the percentage is likely much higher.[32][33][34][35]
 United Kingdom67,886,0045% (inc. partial)3,000,000
 Netherlands[citation needed]16,491,4613%-
 Belgium10,666,8663%~300,000
 Spain47,615,0332,5% (including Maghrebis)1,206,701 (Of those ~300,000 are Black Sub-Saharan African)
 Sweden10,379,295 (2020)2.3%236,975 (2020)
 Italy[36][37]60,795,6122% (including Maghrebis)1,036,653 (Of those ~450,000 are Black Sub-Saharan African)
 Ireland[38]4,339,0001.38%64,639
 Germany82,000,0001.2% (including Maghrebis)1,000,000 (Of those ~500,000 are Black Sub-Saharan African)[39]
Tɛmplet:Country data Finland5,603,851 (2023)[40]1.26%70,592 (2023)[41]​
Tɛmplet:Country data Norway[42]4,858,1991%67,000
 Switzerland[43]7,790,0001%57,000
Tɛmplet:Country data Russia[44]141,594,000<1%50,000
Asia3,879,000,000<1%≈327,904
Tɛmplet:Country data Israel[45]7,411,0003%200,000
 India[46]1,132,446,000<1%40,000
Tɛmplet:Country data Malaysia[47]28,334,135<1%31,904
Tɛmplet:Country data Hong Kong7,200,000<1%< 20,000[48]
 China[49]1,321,851,888<1%16,000[50]
 Japan[51]127,756,815<1%10,000

The Americas

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Map of the Black African population in the Americas (1901).
  • African Americans – Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi kamani 43 million nyɛla gbaŋsabila ban be United States.
  • Afro-Latin Americans – Lahabali din yina Pew Research Center calculates wuhiya ni kalinli din yiɣisi 100  million nyɛla ban yi gbaŋsabila tiŋgbana ni na be Latin America.[52] Di kpa talahi ni a baŋ ni, dabba tali daabiligu din be US ŋɔ nyɛla di ni tooi be di koŋko ka che tiŋgbani shɛŋa ban gba dari dabba.[53][54] Yaha, sizeable African bilichininima nyɛla ban beCuba, Haiti, Colombia n-ti pahi Dominican Republic.
  • Afro-Caribbeans – Salo ban be Caribbean kalinli nyɛla din yiɣisi kamani 23 million. Kalinli zaŋ n-ti gbaŋsabila bilichini ban nyɛ dabba ka be Haiti – 8 million, Dominican Republic – 7.9 million n-ti pahi Jamaica – 2.7 million,[55]

France

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Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi kamani miliyɔŋ dibaa ata zaŋ ni miliyɔŋ dibaa anu nyɛla African dabba,[31] amaa dibaa anahi puuni kalinli zaɣ'yini nyɛla Afro-French kalinli. Lala kalinli ŋɔ nyɛla din baŋbu niŋdi tɔm pam saha shɛŋa dama French "census" nyɛla din bi mali tumdi tuma.[56]

Germany

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Bin din gbaai yuuni 2020, kalinli din yiɣisi kamani 1,000,000 nyɛla Afro-Germans.[57] Lala kalinli ŋɔ nyɛla din baŋbu niŋdi tɔm pam saha shɛŋa dama German "census" nyɛla din bi mali tumdi tuma.[58]

Spain

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Bin din gbaai yuuni 2021, salo kalinli din yiɣisi 1,206,701 daa nyɛla gbaŋsabila ban be Andalusia, Catalonia, Madrid n-ti pahi Canaries.[59]

Lihimi m-pahi

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Kundivihira

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Tɛmplet:Notes

  1. ↑ African Diaspora | Encyclopedia.com.
  2. ↑ Ade Ajayi, J. F.; International Scientific Committee For The Drafting Of a General History Of Africa, Unesco (July 1, 1998). General History of Africa. University of California Press. pp. 305–15. ISBN 978-0-520-06701-1. via Google Books
  3. 1 2 Warren, J. Benedict (1985). The Conquest of Michoacán. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-1858-1.
  4. ↑ Harris, J. E. (1993). "Introduction" In J. E. Harris (ed.), Global Dimensions of the African Diaspora, pp. 8–9.
  5. ↑ Google Books Ngram Viewer (en).
  6. ↑ In an article published in 1991, William Safran set out six rules to distinguish "diasporas" from general migrant communities. While Safran's definitions were influenced by the idea of the Jewish diaspora, he recognised the expanding use of the term. Rogers Brubaker (2005) also noted that use of the term "diaspora" had started to take on an increasingly general sense. He suggests that one element of this expansion in use "involves the application of the term diaspora to an ever-broadening set of cases: essentially to any and every nameable population category that is to some extent dispersed in space". An early example of the use of "African diaspora" appears in the title of Sidney Lemelle, Robin D. G. Kelley, Imagining Home: Class, Culture and Nationalism in the African Diaspora (1994).
  7. ↑ (2000) "Africans in the Diaspora: The Diaspora and Africans". African Affairs 99 (395): 183–215. DOI:10.1093/afraf/99.395.183.
  8. ↑ The Diaspora Division | African Union.
  9. ↑ The Diaspora Division. The Citizens and Diaspora Organizations Directorate (CIDO).
  10. ↑ "Slavery in Antiquity", Jews and the American Slave Trade, Routledge, pp. 17–32, September 29, 2017, doi:10.4324/9780203787946-2, ISBN 978-0-203-78794-6, retrieved June 27, 2023
  11. ↑ Krippner-Martínez, James (October 1990). "The Politics of Conquest: An Interpretation of the Relación de Michoacán". The Americas 47 (2): 177–97. DOI:10.2307/1007371.
  12. ↑ Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates. Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. p. 327.
  13. ↑ Defining and Studying the Modern African Diaspora | Perspectives on History | AHA.
  14. ↑ Labbż, Theola (January 11, 2004). "A Legacy Hidden in Plain Sight". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A6645-2004Jan10&notFound=true.
  15. ↑ The World Factbook>. cia.gov.
  16. ↑ Jamaica Archived Silimin gɔli January 11, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  17. ↑ Dominican Republic: Racial and Ethnic Groups. U.S. Library of Congress.
  18. ↑ http://www.informaworld.com/index/902542287.pdf Inter-American Dialogue [dead link]
  19. ↑ Cuba Archived Silimin gɔli August 12, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  20. ↑ Trinidad and Tobago Archived Silimin gɔli January 9, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
  21. ↑ Puerto Rico: 2020 Census. United States Census Bureau.
  22. ↑ Colombia una nación multicultural: su diversidad étnica (es).
  23. ↑ Maioria da população do Brasil se declara parda. “(Translated) The figures show that 45.3% of the population of the country declared themselves brown; 43.5% declared themselves white, 10.2% black, 0.8% indigenous and 0.4% yellow. In the sum, 56.7% of Brazilians are non-white, of these, 55.5% are afrodescendant.”
  24. ↑ Población Ecuatoriana Por Autodefinición Étnica en El VI Censo de Población del Año (es).
  25. ↑ Resultado Basico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 Archived Silimin gɔli December 3, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, (p. 14).
  26. ↑ CIA – The World Factbook – United States. Cia.gov.
  27. ↑ Ancestry Across the United States (en) (2014-12-18).
  28. ↑ Visible minority population, by province and territory (2001 Census). 0.statcan.ca (September 11, 2009).
  29. ↑ Principales resultados de la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 Estados Unidos Mexicanos 77. INEGI.
  30. ↑ Sylvain Papon. Demographic report 2022.
  31. 1 2 Kimmelman, Michael (June 17, 2008). "For blacks in France, Obama's rise is reason to rejoice, and to hope". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/17/arts/17abroad.html.
  32. ↑ Portugal: Comunidade cabo-verdiana está muito bem integrada mas embaixador admite desafios (pt).
  33. ↑ Angola – Emigrantes totais 2020 | Countryeconomy.com (pt).
  34. ↑ Visão | Guineenses em Portugal elegem liberdade como maior conquista da Guiné-Bissau (pt-PT) (15 November 2023).
  35. ↑ Moçambique – Emigrantes totais 2020 | Countryeconomy.com (pt).
  36. ↑ ISTAT (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica), Popolazione residente 2015. Demo.istat.it.
  37. ↑ ISTAT (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica), Cittadini Stranieri, Bilancio Demografico 2015 Africa. Demo.istat.it.
  38. ↑ Ireland: People. Central Intelligence Agency.
  39. ↑ OnlineFOCUS Staff Writer (December 30, 2020). "Zu Besuch in Neger und Mohrenkirch: Können Ortsnamen rassistisch sein? [Can place names be racist?"] (de). FOCUS Online. https://www.focus.de/wissen/mensch/sprache/es-gibt-einige-die-entsetzt-waren-zu-besuch-in-neger-und-mohrenkirch-koennen-ortsnamen-rassistisch-sein_id_12824108.html.
  40. ↑ 11rb -- Population and change in population size by sex, 1750-2023.
  41. ↑ A chirim ya: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "finland-1".
  42. ↑ Statistics Norway – Persons with immigrant background by immigration category, country background and sex. 1 January 2010 (no). Ssb.no (January 1, 2010).
  43. ↑ Federal Office of Statistics.
  44. ↑ Мймй Зпмдео Й Мймй Дйлупо. Фемертпелф "Юетоще Тхуулйе": Уйопруйу. Africana.ru.
  45. ↑ "Music Earns Black Hebrews Some Acceptance". http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/04/05/ap/world/mainD8GPUNGG8.shtml.
  46. ↑ colaco.net. colaco.net.
  47. ↑ Lisa Goh (May 6, 2012). "Fear and prejudice". The Star. http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2012/5/6/nation/11153134&sec=nation.
  48. ↑ Fenn, Andrea, The pride, passion and purpose of HK's Africans, China Daily, July 6, 2010.
  49. ↑ "Global View: China: Foreign ghosts". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 30, 2005. http://www.cbc.ca/news/viewpoint/vp_yu/20050630.html.
  50. ↑ Zhuang Pinghui (November 1, 2014). Guangzhou clarifies size of African community amid fears over Ebola virus.
  51. ↑ POP AFRICA[permanent dead link] (Nagoya University) from the statictics at 2005 by the Immigration Bureau of Japan
  52. ↑ Afro-Latino: A deeply rooted identity among U.S. Hispanics (en-US) (March 2016).
  53. ↑ Brazil (December 15, 2021).
  54. ↑ (February 16, 2011) "The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected" (in en). PLOS ONE 6 (2): e17063. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063. ISSN 1932-6203. PMID 21359226.
  55. ↑ World Population 2004 chart, UN. United Nations.
  56. ↑ 1/4 of the French African population comes from the Caribbean islands. in French Archived Silimin gɔli September 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  57. ↑ Zu Besuch in Neger und Mohrenkirch: Können Ortsnamen rassistisch sein? (December 30, 2020). “Rund eine Million schwarzer Menschen leben laut ISD hierzulande.”
  58. ↑ Mazon, Patricia (2005). Not So Plain as Black and White: Afro-German Culture and History, 1890–2000. Rochester: University of Rochester Press. p. 3. ISBN 1-58046-183-2.
  59. ↑ Población residente por fecha, sexo, nacionalidad (agrupación de países) y lugar de nacimiento (agrupación de países)(9691) (es).

Further reading

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[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Tɛmplet:African diaspora Tɛmplet:Immigration from Africa

Tɛmplet:Diasporas

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