Yiɣi chaŋ yɛligu maŋamaŋa puuni

African Union

Malimi soya nim ŋɔ niŋ
Diyila Dagbani Wikipedia
African Union
regional organization, continental union, international organization
Di pilli ni9 Silimin gɔli September 1999 Mali niŋ
LaɣidiraOpen Society Foundations, Open Society Foundations Mali niŋ
Position held by head of the organizationChairperson of the African Union Mali niŋ
Tiŋgbani silimaLet Us All Unite and Celebrate Together Mali niŋ
Taachi sabbuA United and Strong Africa, Une Afrique unie et forte Mali niŋ
TinzuɣuAddis Ababa Mali niŋ
Loo zalibu yaɣaPan-African Parliament Mali niŋ
Ninɣuso ŋun mi o maŋ gbubuBrazil Mali niŋ
Child organization/unitAfrica Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Mali niŋ
Fukimsi tiAfrican Union Conference Center and Office Complex, Q17620982 Mali niŋ
Partnership withInternational Civil Aviation Organization Mali niŋ
Di duzuɣu sheeAddis Ababa, Johannesburg Mali niŋ
Foundational textConstitutive Act of the African Union Mali niŋ
Din doli naOrganisation of African Unity Mali niŋ
Lahabaya dundɔŋ din mali dihitabilihttps://au.int Mali niŋ
Wabsaati akantiLivestream Mali niŋ
Tuutaflag of the African Union Mali niŋ
Geography of topicgeography of the African Union Mali niŋ
Economy of topiceconomy of the African Union Mali niŋ
Official observer status in organisationUNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organization, United Nations General Assembly, International Organization for Migration, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation Mali niŋ

Tɛmplet:Infobox geopolitical organisation

African Union (AU) nyɛla tiŋgbani bɔbugu laɣingu zaŋ n-ti tiŋgbana pihinu ni anu[1][2] ka nyɛ din be Africa. AU nyɛla bɛ ni daa niŋ shɛli laɣngu Sirte Declaration din be Sirte, Libya Silimiin goli September yuuni 1999, ka bɛ niya daa nyɛ bɛ kpa African Union. Bɛ daa piligi li Silimiin goli July dabaa awɔi dali yuuni 2002 Durban, South Africa.[3] Bɛ daa mali lala niya ni AU nyɛla di ni tooi zani Organisation of African Unity (OAU) zani, di nyɛla bɛ ni daa kpa shɛli Silimiin goli May biɛɣ'pishi ni anu dali yuuni 1963 ka di ni daa piligi shɛli nyɛ Addis Ababa, gomnantinima pihita ni ayi nyɛ ban daa dihi bɛ nuhi gbana zuɣu zaŋ n-ti li; OAU ŋɔ nyɛla bɛ ni daa kari shɛli Silimiin goli July dabaa awɔi dali yuuni 2002 Durban, South Africa.[3]

African Union ŋɔ nyɛla din mali salo ban kalinli gari 1.3 "billion" ka di tiŋgbani galisim paai kamani 30 million km2 (12 million sq mi).[4] Balli shɛŋa din be di ni nyɛ Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, n-ti pahi Swahili.[5]

G20 (Group of 20) laɣingu din daa niŋ New Delhi, India yuuni 2023, African Union nyɛla ban daa kpɛ G20.[6]


African Union niyanima n-nyɛ:[7]

  1. Di ʒi nangbanyini din mali yaa na, taba laɣimbu ni Africa tinsi mini African tingbana taba puu biɛri taba zuɣu.
  2. Ni di gu ka taɣi maŋsulinsi, tiŋgbana taba shebu ni tiŋgbani din kam be din ni maŋsulinsi.
  3. Ni di kpaŋsi siyaasa mini biɛhigu-daabiligu laɣimbu zaŋ chaŋ tiŋgbana taba sunsuuni.[8][9]
  4. Ni di kpaŋsi ka gu ka taɣi African zaashee zaŋ chaŋ bɛ suhuyurilim polo di tiŋgbani yaɣa mini di niriba sunsuuni.
  5. Ni di kpaŋsi daabiligu tiŋgban sunsuuni, ka mali Charter of the United Nations mini Universal Declaration of Human Rights tumdi tuma.
  6. Ni di kpaŋsi suhudoo, niriba gubu, ni tiŋgbani yaɣa zanibu chibi.
  7. Ni di kmpaŋsi maŋsulinsi zalisi, ni gɔmnanti tali din niŋ dede.
  8. Ni di gu ka taɣi ninsalinima mini niriba fukumsi din be African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights ni mini "human rights instruments" yaɣa din niŋ talahi.
  9. Ni di zali zalisi din kpa talahi ka che ka tiŋgbani yaɣa maa tumdi di tuma dunia daabiligu ni ni shaawara gbaabu tiŋgbana sunsuuni.
  10. Ni di kpaŋsi lɛbiginsim din nyɛ soha-biɛɣuni dini zaŋti daabiligu,biɛhigu ni kaya ni taɣada biɛhigu ni Africa daabiligu yaɣa zaŋ laɣim taba.
  11. Ni di kpaŋsi biɛhigu ninsalisili yaɣa kam n duhi biɛri suŋ Africanima sunsuuni.
  12. To coordinate and harmonise the policies between the existing and future Regional Economic Communities for the gradual attainment of the objectives of the Union.
  13. Ni di kpaŋsi lɛbiginsim tiŋgbana yaɣa maa ni din dalim vihigu niŋbu, di bahi bahindi tabiibi mini tabiibi zaŋ tum tuma.
  14. Ni di mini tiŋgbana laɣim tum n-kpihim dɔriti din mali taɣibu mini alaafee kpaŋsibu tiŋgbana ni.[10]

African Union taarihi pilila "First Congress of Independent African States", din daa niŋ Accra, Ghana bini din gbaai Anashaara goli April biɛɣu pinaanu zaŋ chaŋ biɛɣu pishinaayi yuuni 1958. Laɣingu maa niya daa nyɛla di kpa Africa Day, n-ti tabili Organisation of African Unity (OAU), din daa kpa Anashaara goli May biɛɣu pishinaanu yuuni 1963, ni African Economic Community yuuni 1991.[11] Ansarisi maaniba daa ŋme nangbankpeeni ni OAU ka nuu timbu shɛli ninsalilnima fukumsi ni .[12]

Tɛha din tahi AU kpabu na nyɛla din daa labi niŋ nyɛvuli 1990s sunsuuni Libyan tiŋgbani zuɣulana Muammar al-Gaddafi saha;[13] Tiŋgbana zuɣulana mini kpɛma zaŋti OAU daa yina ni Sirte Declaration (bɛ ni daa zaŋ Sirte, Libya yuli boli shɛli) Anashaara goli September dabaa awɔi yuuni 1999, ka daa ŋmeri kuŋ bɔri African Union nambu.[14][15][16]

African Union suuna daa niŋla Durban Anashaara goli July dabaa awɔi yuuni 2002 ni di tuuli ʒia kuɣulana, South Africa tiŋgbani zuɣulana kuro Thabo Mbeki, Assembly of the African Union tuuli yaɣili ni.[17] Assembly yaɣili din pahiri ayi daa niŋla Maputo yuuni 2003 ka din pahiri ata daa niŋ Addis Ababa Anashaara goli July dabaa ayɔbu yuuni 2004.

Tum yuuni 2010, African Union daa mali niya ni di kpa "African space agency" laɣim taba.[18][19][20][21]

Barack Obama n daa nyɛ tuuli United States tiŋgbani zuɣulana ŋun ʒi gbana ni ka di alizama African Union ni Addis Ababa Anashaara goli July biɛɣu pihita yini ka dali yuuni 2015. O daa alizama dibu ni, o daa kpaŋsiya ni dunisnims laɣindi niŋdi daabiligu ka tabiri sɔŋdi shikuru baŋsim tooni chandi ni, ni lɛbiginsim mini dahi yɛligibu. Amaa, o daa lahi galim suhuyurilim ni ka tiŋgbani shɛŋa ni mini gɔmnantinima ban zaɣisi sheebu ni, ban bi galisi gaŋbu (n-ti tabili ninuɣ'shɛba ban be LGBT ni, adiininima mini laɣinsi zuliyanima ni) ni kɔriŋ fahili.[22][23]

Tɛmplet:AU evolution timeline

Financial institutions
  • African Central Bank – Abuja, Nigeria
  • African Investment Bank – Tripoli, Libya
  • African Monetary Fund – Yaoundé, Cameroon

Lala tuma duri ŋɔ na bi kpa; amaa, komitiinima ban be di kpabu ni nyɛla bɛ ni piigi shɛba. Lal n-nyɛli, AU malila niya ni di diri laɣ'yini (Afro).

Alaafee
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), daa kpala yuuni 2016 ka di suuna niŋ yuuni 2017. Di tuma du'zuɣuri be la Addis Ababa Ethiopia.[24][25][26][27]
Ninsalinima fukumsi
African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, nyɛla din beni tum yuuni 1986, di be la African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights fukumsi ni (African Charter) amaa ka ni Constitutive Act of the African Union.
Polo
African Space Agency nyɛla din daa kpa yuuni 2023. Di tuma du'zuɣu be la Cairo.
Yaa
African Energy Commission daa nYɛla din daa kpa yuuni 2008, ka be Algiers.

Tiŋgbana din be din ni

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

UN member states din be Africa mini African islands zaa bela AU, ka nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din tabi Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). Morocco daa yila Organisation of African Unity ni yuuni 1984 ka di nyɛla SADR sulinsi ni ka di daa be, ka di tiŋgbani yaɣili Western Sahara daa zaŋli kpehi di maŋsulinsi ni. AU daa lahi labi deei li Anashaara goli January biɛɣu pihita yuuni 2017.[28] Somaliland, din nyɛ Somalia ni deei shɛli, daa sabi gbaŋ ti ni di kpe AU yuuni 2005.[29]

Mali nyɛla bɛ nin daa naa yihi shɛba African Union ni saha biɛla sunsuuni Anashaara goli 19 August 2020 di ni daa niŋ ka sooja gɔmnanti tɔbu niŋ naai.[30] Anashaara goli 9 October lala yuuni ŋɔ yaha, Peace and Security Council zaŋti African Union daa paai lala yihibu fukumsi ŋɔ Mali zuɣi.[31]Bɛ daa lahi labi zaŋ lala fukumsi ŋɔ pa tiŋgbani maa zuɣu Anashaara goli June dahin yini dali yuuni 2021, di sooja gɔmnanti tɔbu ni daa lahi niŋ chira awɔi sunsuuni.[32]

Lala fukumsi ŋɔ daa pani Guinea gba zuɣu African Union ni ANashaara goli September biɛɣu pia dali yuuni 2021, di ni daa niŋ ka sooja gɔmnanti sheei tiŋgbani zuɣulana Alpha Condé.[33]

Sudan gba nyɛla African Union ni daa zaŋ lala fukumsi ŋɔ pani shɛli zuɣu Anashaara goli 27 October 2021, di ni daa niŋ ka sooja gɔmananti shee tiŋgbani zuɣulana Abdalla Hamdok.[34]

Burkina Faso gba nyɛla lala fukumsi ŋɔ ni daa pani shɛli zuɣu African Union ni bɛ gba ni daa ŋme sooja gɔmnanti tɔbu Anashaara goli 31 January 2022.[35]

Nige gba nyɛla African Union ni daa zaŋ lala fukumsi ŋɔ pa shɛba zuɣu Anashaara goli 22 August 2023 di ni daa niŋ ka sooja gɔmnanti sheei tiŋgbani zuɣula Mohamed Bazoum; tum din saha ka 2023 Nigerien crisis pili.[36]

Gabon gba nyɛla African Union ni daa zaŋ lala fukumsi ŋɔ pa shɛli zuɣu 31 August 2023 bɛ gba ni daa ŋme sooja gɔmananti sheei Ali Bongo Ondimba nyaaŋa.[37]


Economic and Monetary Community of Central AfricaWest African Monetary Zone
The image above contains clickable links
The image above contains clickable links
Euler diagram showing the relationships among various multinational African entities v • t • e

Yuuni 1980 Lagos Plan of Action for the Development of Africa mini yuuni 1991 varisigu ni African Economic Community kpabu (bɛ ni lahi booni shɛli Abuja Treaty), daa yina ni tɛha din nyɛ Regional Economic Communities (RECs) kpabu ni niŋ binshɛli din yɛn laɣim Africa taba.[49]

Saha ŋɔ, RECs dibaa anii m-be AU. Din nima n-nyɛ:

  • Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
  • Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
  • Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)
  • East African Community (EAC)
  • Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)
  • Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
  • Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
  • Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)[50] [51]
Muammar Gaddafi embracing Tanzanian President Kikwete after assuming the chairmanship
Chairpersons of the African Union
Name Beginning of term End of term Country
Thabo Mbeki 9 July 2002 10 July 2003  South Africa
Joaquim Chissano 10 July 2003 6 July 2004  Mozambique
Olusegun Obasanjo 6 July 2004 24 January 2006  Nigeria
Denis Sassou-Nguesso 24 January 2006 24 January 2007  Republic of the Congo
John Kufuor 30 January 2007 31 January 2008  Ghana
Jakaya Kikwete 31 January 2008 2 February 2009 Tɛmplet:Country data Tanzania
Muammar al-Gaddafi 2 February 2009 31 January 2010 Tɛmplet:Country data Libya Libya
Bingu wa Mutharika[52][53] 31 January 2010 31 January 2011 Tɛmplet:Country data Malawi
Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo[54] 31 January 2011 29 January 2012 Tɛmplet:Country data Equatorial Guinea
Yayi Boni 29 January 2012 27 January 2013  Benin
Hailemariam Desalegn 27 January 2013 30 January 2014  Ethiopia
Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz 30 January 2014 30 January 2015  Mauritania
Robert Mugabe 30 January 2015 30 January 2016  Zimbabwe
Idriss Déby 30 January 2016 30 January 2017 Tɛmplet:Country data Chad
Alpha Condé 30 January 2017 28 January 2018  Guinea
Paul Kagame[55] 28 January 2018 10 February 2019 Tɛmplet:Country data Rwanda
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi 10 February 2019 10 February 2020  Egypt
Cyril Ramaphosa[56] 10 February 2020 10 February 2021  South Africa
Félix Tshisekedi 10 February 2021 5 February 2022  Democratic Republic of the Congo
Macky Sall 5 February 2022 18 February 2023  Senegal
Azali Assoumani 18 February 2023 17 February 2024 Tɛmplet:Country data Comoros
Mohamed Ould Ghazouani 17 February 2024 Incumbent  Mauritania

African Union summits

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]
Billboard in Niamey (Niger) announcing the 33rd AU Summit (2019)
Session Host country Host city Date Theme Notes
37th EthiopiaAddis Ababa17–18 February 2024"Educate and Skill Africa for the 21st Century"[57]
36th EthiopiaAddis Ababa18–19 February 2023
35th EthiopiaAddis Ababa5–6 February 2022
34th EthiopiaAddis Ababa6–7 February 2021
33rd[58] EthiopiaAddis Ababa9–10 February 2020[59]"Silencing the guns: creating conducive conditions for Africa's development"[58]Agreement for African Continental Free Trade Agreement to become operational in July 2020.[60] Agreements to reduce gender gap and inequality and to "silence guns" on the continent.[60]
12th Extraordinary Summit on AfCFTA[61]Tɛmplet:Country data NigerNiamey4–8 July 2019"Refugees, Returnees and Internally Displaced Persons: Towards Durable Solutions to Forced Displacement in Africa"Launch of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement
32nd[62] EthiopiaAddis Ababa10–11 February 2019"Refugees, Returnees and Internally Displaced Persons: Towards Durable Solutions to Forced Displacement in Africa"
11th Extraordinary Summit on AfCFTA[63] EthiopiaAddis Ababa5–18 November 2018Agreement reached on reorganisation AU Commission[63]
31st[64] MauritaniaNouakchott25 June – 2 July 2018"Winning the Fight Against Corruption: A Sustainable Path to Africa's Transformation"
10th Extraordinary Summit on AfCFTA[65]Tɛmplet:Country data RwandaKigali17–21 March 2018"Creating One African Market"Agreement reached on the AfCFTA
30th[66] EthiopiaAddis Ababa22–29 January 2018"Winning the Fight Against Corruption: A Sustainable Path to Africa's Transformation"
29th[67] EthiopiaAddis Ababa27 June – 4 July 2017"Harnessing the Demographic Dividend Through Investments in Youth"
28th[68] EthiopiaAddis Ababa22–31 January 2017"Harnessing the Demographic Dividend Through Investments in Youth"Morocco rejoins the AU after 33 years
27th[69]Tɛmplet:Country data RwandaKigali10–18 July 2016"African Year of Human Rights with Particular Focus on the Rights of Women"Launch of African Union Passport
26th[70] EthiopiaAddis Ababa21–31 January 2016"African Year of Human Rights with Particular Focus on the Rights of Women"
Third India-Africa Forum Summit IndiaNew Delhi26–29 October 2015"Reinvigorated Partnership—Shared Vision"
25th[71][72] South AfricaJohannesburg7–15 June 2015"Year of Women Empowerment and Development Towards Africa's Agenda 2063"Featured Angelina Jolie[73]
24th[74] EthiopiaAddis Ababa23–31 January 2015"Year of Women Empowerment and Development Towards Africa's Agenda 2063"
2nd Africa–Turkey SummitTɛmplet:Country data Equatorial GuineaMalabo19–21 November 2014"A New Model of Partnership to Enhance a Sustainable Development and Integration of Africa"[75][76]
23rd[77]Tɛmplet:Country data Equatorial GuineaMalabo20–27 June 2014"Year of Agriculture and food security"
22nd[78][79] EthiopiaAddis Ababa21–31 January 2014"Year Agriculture and food security, Marking 10th Anniversary of the Adoption of the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)"
Extraordinary Summit on the ICC[80] EthiopiaAddis Ababa 11–12 October 2013"Africa's Relationship with the ICC"This was in regards to the ICC's non-adherence to AU calls to drop certain charges against sitting leaders and claims that it was disproportionally targeting Africans.[81]
21st[82] EthiopiaAddis Ababa19–27 May 2013"Panafricanism and African Renaissance"50th Anniversary of the Establishment of the Organisation of African Unity
20th[83] EthiopiaAddis Ababa27–28 January 2013"Panafricanism and African Renaissance"
Diaspora Summit[84] South AfricaSandton23–25 May 2012"Towards the Realisation of a United and Integrated Africa and Its Diaspora"
19th[85] EthiopiaAddis Ababa9–16 July 2012"Boosting Intra-African Trade"
18th[86] EthiopiaAddis Ababa23–30 January 2012"Boosting Intra-African Trade"
17th[87]Tɛmplet:Country data Equatorial GuineaMalabo23 June – 1 July 2011"Youth Empowerment for Sustainable Development"
2nd Africa–India Summit EthiopiaAddis Ababa20–25 May 2011"Enhancing partnership: shared vision"[88]
16th[89] EthiopiaAddis Ababa24–31 January 2011"Towards Greater Unity and Integration through Shared Values"
15th[90] UgandaKampala19–27 July 2010"Maternal, Infant, and Child Health and Development in Africa"
14th[91] EthiopiaAddis Ababa25 January – 2 February 2010"Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Africa: Challenges and Prospects for Development"
13th[92]Tɛmplet:Country data LibyaSirte24 June – 3 July 2009"Investing in Agriculture for Economic Growth and Food Security"
12th[93] EthiopiaAddis Ababa26 January – 3 February 2009"Infrastructure Development in Africa"
11th[94] EgyptSharm el-Sheikh24 June – 1 July 2008"Meeting the Millennium Development Goals on Water and Sanitation"
10th[95] EthiopiaAddis Ababa25 January – 2 February 2008"Industrial Development of Africa"
9th[96] GhanaAccra25 June – 6 July 2007"Grand Debate on the Union Government"
8th[97] EthiopiaAddis Ababa22–30 January 20071. "Science, Technology and Scientific Research for Development"
2. "Climate Change in Africa"
7th[98]Tɛmplet:Country data GambiaBanjul25 June – 2 July 2006"Rationalisation of Recs and Regional Integration"
6th[99]Tɛmplet:Country data SudanKhartoum16–24 January 2006"Education and Culture"
5th[100]Tɛmplet:Country data LibyaSirte28–29 June 2005
Extraordinary summit on UN Reform[101] EthiopiaAddis Ababa4 August 2005
4th[102] NigeriaAbuja24–31 January 2005
3rd[103] EthiopiaAddis Ababa6–8 July 2004
2nd[104] MozambiqueMaputo2–12 July 2003
1st[105] South AfricaDurban28 June 2002 – 10 July 2002"Peace, Development and Prosperity: The African Century"Notable events include the launch of the African Union.[106]


Africa–Caribbean relations

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Caribbean tiŋgbana pam nyɛla din kpuɣi niya ni di kpaŋsi biɛhigu ni Africa tiŋgbana. African Union lihirila Caribbean ka di nyɛ yaɣili din ni tooi pahi buyɔbu "Sixth Region" tiŋgbana yaɣa din laɣim taba maa puuni.[107]Caribbean tiŋgbani shɛŋa nyɛla Africa din yihi di maŋ pahi tuma yaɣa ni, n-ti tabili Barbados,[108] the Bahamas ni Guyana, din zaa pahi African Export–Import Bank ni.[109] Yaha, Caribbean Development Bank dihila laɣim tum gbana ni n-ti African Development Bank (AfDB).[110] Antigua and Barbuda gba niŋ zaɣa ni Africa mini Caribbean.[111][112] Amaa, din nyɛla din ʒi yɛli muɣisira na tiŋgbana loobu ni.[113][114][115][116][117][118]

Africa–China relations

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Yaɣ'yini din daabiligu be tooni People's Republic of China (PRC). Forum on China–Africa Cooperation nyɛla daabiligu balibu noiŋbu Africa tiŋgbana ni mini China.[119] Tum FOCAC zaŋ gɔhi taba ni yuuni 2012, African Union gab nyɛla din tim nuu ni tabi-sɔŋ ni, amaa Africantingbana din be FOCAC na kuli nyɛla din zani ti di maŋa sahakam.[120]

Africa–EU relations

[mali niŋ | mali mi di yibu sheena n-niŋ]

Zaŋ jendi European Commission polo, European Union's biɛhigu ni Africa nyɛla din kpa talahi. Tooni ha Africa-EU laɣim tum niya ni European Commission mini European External Action Service nyɛla din kahigi Joint Communication ni "Towards a Comprehensive Strategy with Africa". Di buɣisila laɣim tum ni:[121][122]

  • Green Transition and Energy Access
  • Digital Transformation
  • Sustainable Growth and Jobs[123][124]
  • Peace, Security and Governance[124]
  • Migration and Mobility[125]
South Sudanese independence referendum, 2011

In response to the ongoing Darfur conflict in Sudan, the AU has deployed 7,000 peacekeepers, many from Rwanda and Nigeria, to Darfur. While a donor's conference in Addis Ababa in 2005 helped raise funds to sustain the peacekeepers through that year and into 2006, in July 2006 the AU said it would pull out at the end of September when its mandate expires.[126] Critics of the AU peacekeepers, including Eric Reeves, have said these forces are largely ineffective due to lack of funds, personnel, and expertise. Monitoring a large area has made it even more difficult to sustain an effective mission. In June 2006, the United States Congress appropriated US$173 million for the AU force. Some, such as the Genocide Intervention Network, have called for UN or NATO intervention to augment and/or replace the AU peacekeepers. The UN has considered deploying a force, though it would not likely enter the country until at least October 2007.[127] The under-funded and badly equipped AU mission was set to expire on 31 December 2006 but was extended to 30 June 2007 and merged with the United Nations African Union Mission in Darfur in October 2007. In July 2009 the African Union ceased cooperation with the International Criminal Court, refusing to recognise the international arrest warrant it had issued against Sudan's leader, Omar al-Bashir, who was indicted in 2008 for war crimes.[128]

The AU struggled to have a strategic role in the independence talks and the reconciliation process of South Sudan, due to overwhelming interests of African and non-African powers, its influence is still limited and not consistent.[129]

African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) nyɛla bɛ ni daa piligi shɛli ni tiŋgbana pihinu ni anahi tiŋgbana pihinu ni anu maa puuni ka di daabilim nyɛ din daa piligi Silimiin goli January dahin yini yuuni 2021.[130] African Export–Import Bank, nyɛla din yɛn tabi sɔŋ ka bɛ piligi Pan-African Payment and Settlement System..[131]

Country Land Area

(km2) 2015[132]

 Population

2021[133][134]

 GDP (PPP)

(Intl. $) 2015[132]

 GDP (PPP)

per capita (Intl. $) 2015[132]

 HDI

2014[135]

 FSI

2016[136]

 CPI

2016[137]

 IEF

2016[138]

 GPI

2016[139]

 WPFI

2016[140]

 DI

2016[141]

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 2,381,741 44,177,969 548,293,085,686 13,823 0.736 78.3 34 50.06 2.21 41.69 3.56

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 566,730 2,588,423 33,657,545,969 14,876 0.698 63.5 60 71.07 1.64 22.91 7.87

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Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 273,600 22,100,683 28,840,666,622 1,593 0.402 89.4 42 59.09 2.06 22.66 4.70

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 25,680 12,551,213 7,634,578,343 300 0.4 100.7 20 53.91 2.50 54.10 2.40

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 4,030 587,925 3,205,197,585 6,158 0.646 71.5 59 66.46 N/A 19.82 7.94

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 472,710 27,198,628 68,302,439,597 2,926 0.512 97.8 26 54.18 2.36 40.53 3.46

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 622,980 5,457,154 2,847,726,468 581 0.35 112.1 20 45.23 3.35 33.60 1.61

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,259,200 17,179,740 28,686,194,920 2,044 0.392 110.1 20 46.33 2.46 40.59 1.50

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,861 821,625 1,098,546,195 1,393 0.503 83.8 24 52.35 N/A 24.33 3.71

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 2,267,050 95,894,118 56,920,935,460 300 0.433 21 46.38 3.11 50.97 1.93

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 341,500 5,835,806 27,690,345,067 5,993 0.591 92.2 20 42.80 2.25 35.84 2.91

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 23,180 1,105,557 2,911,406,226 3,279 0.47 89.7 30 55.96 2.29 70.90 2.83

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,010,407 109,262,178 1,173,000,000,000 10,250 0.69 90.2 34 55.96 2.57 54.45 3.31

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 28,050 1,634,466 32,317,928,931 38,243 0.587 85.2 N/A 43.67 1.94 66.47 1.70

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
[142]		 101,000 3,620,312 8,845,000,000b 600b 0.391 98.6 18 42.7 2.46 83.92 2.37

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 17,204 1,192,271 10,452,834,007 8,122 0.531 87.6 N/A 59.65 2.07 52.37 3.03

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,104,300 120,283,026 152,057,290,468 1,530 0.442 97.2 34 51.52 2.28 45.13 3.60

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 257,670 2,341,179 32,539,376,597 18,860 0.684 72 35 58.96 2.03 32.20 3.74

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 10,120 2,639,916 3,140,820,062 1,578 0.441 86.8 26 57.14 2.09 46.53 2.91

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 227,540 32,833,031 108,393,071,924 3,955 0.579 71.2 43 63.00 1.81 17.95 6.75

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 245,720 13,531,906 14,316,884,358 1,135 0.411 103.8 27 53.33 2.15 33.08 3.14

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 28,120 2,060,721 2,521,743,682 1,367 0.42 99.8 16 51.81 2.26 29.03 1.98

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 318,000 27,478,249 74,916,780,423 3,300 0.462 97.9 34 60.01 2.28 30.17 3.81

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 569,140 53,005,614 133,592,522,053 2,901 0.548 98.3 26 57.51 2.38 31.16 5.33

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 30,360 2,281,454 5,914,437,068 2,770 0.497 80.9 39 50.62 1.94 28.78 6.59

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 96,320 5,193,416 3,533,313,381 500 0.43 95.5 37 52.19 2.00 30.71 5.31

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
[143]		 1,759,540 6,735,277 94,010,000,000b 14,900b 0.724 96.4 14 N/A 3.20 57.89 2.25

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 581,800 28,915,653 33,354,200,458 1,376 0.51 84.2 26 61.06 1.76 27.04 5.07

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 94,280 19,889,742 19,137,290,349 1,112 0.445 87.6 31 51.8 1.82 28.12 5.55

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,220,190 21,904,983 33,524,899,739 1,905 0.419 95.2 32 56.54 2.49 39.83 5.70

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
[144]		 1,030,700 4,614,974 16,190,000,000b 4,400b 0.506 95.4 27 54.8 2.30 24.03 3.96

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 2,030 1,298,915 23,817,914,134 18,864 0.777 43.2 54 74.73 1.56 27.69 8.28

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 446,300 37,076,584 257,398,957,178 7,365 0.628 74.2 37 61.27 2.09 42.64 4.77

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 786,380 32,077,072 31,326,751,237 1,120 0.416 87.8 27 53.19 1.96 30.25 4.02

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 823,290 2,530,151 24,043,436,006 9,778 0.628 71.1 52 61.85 1.87 15.15 6.31

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,266,700 25,252,722 17,857,377,171 897 0.348 98.4 35 54.26 2.24 24.62 3.96

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 910,770 213,401,323 1,168,000,000,000 5,639 0.514 103.5 28 57.46 2.88 35.90 4.50

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 24,670 13,461,888 19,216,033,048 1,655 0.483 91.3 54 63.07 2.32 54.61 3.07

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 960 223,107 575,391,345 3,023 0.555 72.9 46 56.71 N/A N/A N/A

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 192,530 16,876,720 34,398,281,018 2,274 0.466 83.6 45 58.09 1.98 27.99 6.21

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 460 106,471 2,384,515,771 25,525 0.772 60.2 N/A 62.2 N/A 30.60 N/A

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 72,180 8,420,641 9,511,431,824 1,474 0.413 91 30 52.31 1.81 29.94 4.55

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
[145]		 627,340 17,065,581 5,900,000,000c 600c N/A 114 10 N/A 3.41 65.35 N/A

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,213,090 59,392,255 742,461,000,000 12,393 0.666 69.9 45 61.9 2.32 21.92 7.41

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 619,745 10,748,272 21,484,823,398 1,741 0.467 113.8 11 N/A 3.59 44.87 N/A

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 1,886,086 45,657,202 165,813,461,495 4,121 0.479 111.5 14 N/A 3.27 72.53 2.37

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 885,800 63,588,334 130,297,806,032 2,510 0.521 81.8 32 58.46 1.90 28.65 5.76

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 54,390 8,644,829 10,018,697,437 1,372 0.484 85.8 32 53.64 1.95 30.31 3.32

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 155,360 12,262,946 121,200,025,401 10,770 0.721 74.6 41 57.55 1.95 31.60 6.40

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 200,520 45,853,778 67,856,334,117 1,738 0.483 97.7 25 59.26 2.15 32.58 5.26

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
[146]		 266,000 565,581 906,500,000d 2,500d N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 743,390 19,473,125 58,400,082,027 3,602 0.586 86.3 38 58.79 1.78 35.08 5.99

{{{country}}}

{{{tiŋgbani nahingbani}}}
Tinzuɣu{{{tinzuɣu}}}
Yɛltɔɣ' kpana{{{yɛltɔɣ' kpani}}}
Palo{{{palo}}} km²
Biɛligu{{{biɛligu}}}
Anthem
 386,850 15,993,524 26,180,942,292 500 0.509 100.5 22 38.23 2.32 40.41 3.05
Tɛmplet:Noflag 30,370,000 1,393,676,444 5,457,724,064,668 4,602 0.524d 88.99d 31.51d 55.55d 2.27 37.89 4.30
Country Land Area (km2) 2015 Population 2021 GDP (PPP)

(Intl. $) 2015

 GDP (PPP)

per capita (Intl. $) 2015

 HDI

2014

 FSI

2016

 CPI

2016

 IEF

2016

 GPI

2016

 WPFI

2016

 DI

2016

  1. ↑ African Union (AU). Union of International Associations (2025).
  2. ↑ Member States AU-UN (en-US) (May 6, 2024).
  3. 1 2 Mbeki, Thabo (9 July 2002). Launch of the African Union, 9 July 2002: Address by the chairperson of the AU, President Thabo Mbeki. africa-union.org.
  4. ↑ Manboah-Rockson, Joseph (23 September 2016). Politics & the Struggle for Democracy in Ghana: An Introduction to Political Science.
  5. ↑ AU Languages. African Union.
  6. ↑ "African Union made permanent member of G20 at Delhi summit". The Guardian. September 9, 2023. https://theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/09/african-union-made-permanent-member-of-g20-at-delhi-summit.
  7. ↑ Constitutive Act. African Union.
  8. ↑ Evolution of Geopolitical Dynamics in Africa (28 November 2024).[permanent dead link]
  9. ↑ The New Power Play in Africa: Russia, China, and the Shifting Sands of Influence.
  10. ↑ Africa-union.org Archived 4 Silimin gɔli June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ↑ Archived 10 Silimin gɔli December 2018 at the Wayback Machine South African History Online (SAHO), 15 May 2018.
  12. ↑ Reynolds, Paul (8 July 2002). "African Union replaces dictators' club". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2115736.stm.
  13. ↑ Adebajo, Adekeye (2011-08-26). Gaddafi: the man who would be king of Africa (en).
  14. ↑ The African Union After Gaddafi (en-US) (2011-12-05).
  15. ↑ African leaders elect OAU boss (July 10, 2001).
  16. ↑ New Partnership for Africa's Development – NEPAD | Poverty Eradication (en-US) (2015-08-27).
  17. ↑ The African Union is launched (en) (2016-11-18).
  18. ↑ Smith, David (5 September 2010). "Africa prepares to join the big boys in the space race". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/sep/05/africa-space-programme-david-smith.
  19. ↑ Smith, David (6 September 2012). "Sudanese president calls for African space agency". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/sep/06/sudanese-president-african-space-agency.
  20. ↑ Africa eyes joint space agency. Phys.org (11 September 2012).
  21. ↑ AU to Establish African Space Agency. All Africa (9 August 2010).
  22. ↑ Lee, Carol E. (28 July 2015). "Obama Becomes First U.S. President to Address African Union". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/obama-becomes-first-u-s-president-to-address-african-union-1438090849.
  23. ↑ Remarks by President Obama to the People of Africa. whitehouse.gov (28 July 2015).
  24. ↑ Africa CDC Official Launch. African Union (2017-01-31).
  25. ↑ The African Union launches Africa CDC, a Continent-wide Public Health Agency. Reliefweb (2017-02-02).
  26. ↑ Africa CDC: Improving Disease Detection and Emergency Response on the African Continent. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017-07-27).
  27. ↑ Inspection visit to Africa CDC Headquarters building site (en-GB).
  28. ↑ "Morocco rejoins African Union". Worldbulletin. 30 January 2017. http://www.worldbulletin.net/todays-news/183967/morocco-rejoins-african-union.
  29. ↑ Nelson, Elizabeth A. (2021). Regional Politics and State Secession. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 105. ISBN 978-1-83910-377-3.
  30. ↑ "African Union suspends Mali following coup". Agence France-Presse, Reuters (Deutsche Welle). https://www.dw.com/en/african-union-suspends-mali-following-coup/a-54626415.
  31. ↑ African Union lifts Mali's suspension imposed in the wake of coup (en).
  32. ↑ "African Union announces 'immediate suspension' of Mali after second coup". France 24, Reuters, Agence France-Presse (France 24). 2 June 2021. https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210602-african-union-announces-immediately-suspension-of-mali-after-second-coup.
  33. ↑ "African Union suspends Guinea after coup, as envoys arrive for talks". France 24, Agence France-Presse (France 24). 10 September 2021. https://www.france24.com/en/africa/20210910-african-union-suspends-guinea-after-coup-ousting-cond%C3%A9.
  34. ↑ African Union suspends Sudan over coup (en).
  35. ↑ AU suspends Burkina Faso after coup as envoys head for talks (en).
  36. ↑ "African Union suspends participation of Niger following coup" (en). Reuters. 2023-08-22. https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/african-union-suspends-niger-all-its-activities-following-coup-2023-08-22/.
  37. ↑ Newspaper, The Peninsula (2023-08-31). African Union says to 'immediately suspend' Gabon after coup (en).
  38. ↑ Haiti Will Not Join the African Union (22 May 2016).
  39. ↑ African Union says Israel's observer status suspended.
  40. ↑ ((i24NEWS)) (2022-02-06). "Israel dispute erupts at African Union summit" (en). Ynetnews. https://www.ynetnews.com/article/b1lpw16ay.
  41. ↑ Kazakhstan's Observer status at the African Union: What Does It Mean for Africa?.
  42. ↑ Latvia becomes observer to African Union. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia (2012-01-11).
  43. ↑ Chairperson Receives the Credentials of the First Permanent Observer of Mexico to the African Union (2012-06-18).
  44. ↑ el-Dakhakhni, Fathya (2013-05-27). AU grants Palestine observer status. Egypt Independent.
  45. ↑ Mrkić na samitu u Adis Abebi (sr-latn) (30 January 2014).
  46. ↑ What's driving Turkey's commercial & military relations with Africa? (en-US) (2022-01-11).
  47. ↑ Ukraine has obtained the observer status in the African Union. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (2016-06-22).
  48. ↑ Chairperson Receives Credentials of the Permanent Observer of the United Arab Emirates. | African Union.
  49. ↑ See note on The Role of the Regional Economic Communities (RECs) as the Building Blocks of the African Union prepared by the South African Department of Foreign Affairs.
  50. ↑ Decision on the Protocol on Relations between the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities (RECs), Assembly/AU/Dec.166 (IX).
  51. ↑ President of Mauritania Elected as New Chairperson of AU.
  52. ↑ Gaddafi fails in bid to remain African Union chair, Reuters, 31 January 2010 [dead link]
  53. ↑ Malawi president takes over as AU president, AFP, 31 January 2010
  54. ↑ According to the AU Archived 6 Silimin gɔli October 2011 at the Wayback Machine, his official style is Son Excellence Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, Président de la République, Chef de l'État et Président Fondateur du Parti Démocratique de Guinée Equatoriale (in French). Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  55. ↑ President Paul Kagame, Elected as New Chairperson of the African Union for the year 2018 - African Union.
  56. ↑ South Africa takes over as AU chair: What to expect.
  57. ↑ African Union | an Integrated, Prosperous and Peaceful Africa.
  58. 1 2 The 33rd AU Summit kicks off with the 39th Session of the Permanent Representatives Committee | African Union.
  59. ↑ 33rd AU Summit : Online accreditation for Journalists now open | African Union.
  60. 1 2 "South African President Cyril Ramaphosa elected African Union Chairperson as continent vows to 'silence the guns', boost trade and close gender gap". Today News Africa. 9 February 2020. https://todaynewsafrica.com/south-african-president-cyril-ramaphosa-elected-african-union-chairperson-as-continent-vows-to-silence-the-guns-boost-trade-and-close-gender-gap/.
  61. ↑ 12th Extraordinary Summit on AfCFTA.
  62. ↑ 32nd AU summit.
  63. 1 2 11th Extraordinary Summit Summary of Key Decisions (18 November 2018).
  64. ↑ 31st AU summit.
  65. ↑ 10th Extraordinary Session of the Assembly on AfCFTA (21 March 2018).
  66. ↑ 30th AU summit.
  67. ↑ 29th AU summit (5 July 2017).
  68. ↑ 28th AU summit (30 January 2017).
  69. ↑ 27th AU summit (July 2016).
  70. ↑ 26th AU summit (January 2016).
  71. ↑ 25th AU summit (June 2015).
  72. ↑ 25th African Union Summit in Johannesburg – African Union Commission media information (June 2015).
  73. ↑ A Call for Global Support in Ending Women's Violence Done by Angelina Jolie. Newwatch NGR (February 2016).
  74. ↑ 24th AU summit (January 2015).
  75. ↑ Second Turkey-Africa Partnership Summit (November 2014).
  76. ↑ Africa Turkey 2014 (November 2014).
  77. ↑ 23rd AU summit (June 2014).
  78. ↑ 22nd AU summit (January 2014).
  79. ↑ 22nd Ordinary Session of the Summit of the African Union (January 2014).
  80. ↑ AU Extraordinary Summit on ICC (October 2013).
  81. ↑ "Kenya pushing for African split from International Criminal Court". Irish Times. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/africa/kenya-pushing-for-african-split-from-international-criminal-court-1.1549427.
  82. ↑ 21st AU summit (May 2013).
  83. ↑ 20th AU summit (January 2013).
  84. ↑ Global Africa Diaspora Summit (May 2012).
  85. ↑ 19th African Union (AU) Summit to be held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (June 2012).
  86. ↑ 18th AU summit (January 2012).
  87. ↑ 17th AU summit (June 2011).
  88. ↑ 2nd Africa-India Forum Summit (May 2011).
  89. ↑ 16th African Union summit (January 2011).
  90. ↑ 15th African Union summit (July 2010).
  91. ↑ 14th African Union summit (January 2010).
  92. ↑ 13th African Union summit (July 2009).
  93. ↑ 12th African Union summit (January 2009).
  94. ↑ The 11th AU summit (July 2008).
  95. ↑ The 10th African Union summit (January 2008).
  96. ↑ 9th African Union summit (July 2007).
  97. ↑ 8th African Union summit (January 2007).
  98. ↑ 7th African Union summit (July 2006).
  99. ↑ 6th African Union summit (January 2006).
  100. ↑ 5th African Union summit (June 2005).
  101. ↑ AU Summit.
  102. ↑ 4th African Union summit (January 2005).
  103. ↑ 3rd African Union summit (July 2004).
  104. ↑ African Union Summit Maputo Mozambique (July 2003).
  105. ↑ OAU/AU summit (June 2002).
  106. ↑ 1st AU summit: Documents and Speeches (June 2002).
  107. ↑ African Union 6th Region Diaspora Headquarters to be established in Accompong, Jamaica Archived 11 Silimin gɔli March 2023 at the Wayback Machine, 24 January 2018.
  108. ↑ Jones, Lorna. Barbados inks MOU with African Export-Import Bank.
  109. ↑ Barbados Parliament ratifies Partnership Agreement with Afreximbank, as Guyanaand Bahamas join CARICOM signatories (5 December 2022).
  110. ↑ AfDB, CDB move to deepen Africa, Caribbean cooperation, sign MoU Archived 25 Silimin gɔli June 2022 at the Wayback Machine, June 18, 2022
  111. ↑ Antigua Airways is airborne and ready to become the "pride of the Caribbean" (en-US) (2023-01-09).
  112. ↑ jennelsa.johnson (2023-04-17). Government has not given up on Antigua Airways as company seeks to make comeback (en-GB).
  113. ↑ 3 dead, 13 missing in Caribbean sinking; 14 Africans saved (en) (2023-03-28).
  114. ↑ Michael, Vivian (2023-03-29). Tragedy at sea: Boat carrying African migrants from Antigua capsizes near St Kitts (en-GB).
  115. ↑ Michael, Vivian (2023-03-31). Fury as gov't says it bears no responsibility for migrant boat tragedy (en-GB).
  116. ↑ Less than 600 West African migrants remain in Antigua | Loop Caribbean News (en).
  117. ↑ The migrants stranded on an island they had not heard of (en-GB) (2023-03-07).
  118. ↑ Antigua Government says no automatic citizenship for stranded Africans (en-US) (2023-02-11).
  119. ↑ Murphy, Dawn C. (2022). China's rise in the Global South: The Middle East, Africa, and Beijing's alternative world order. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-5036-3060-4. OCLC 1249712936.
  120. ↑ Murphy, Dawn C. (2022). China's rise in the Global South: The Middle East, Africa, and Beijing's alternative world order. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-5036-3060-4. OCLC 1249712936.
  121. ↑ Africa-EU Partnership (en) (2020-11-03).
  122. ↑ EUR-Lex - 52020JC0004 - EN - EUR-Lex.
  123. ↑ Mobilising Investments for African structural sustainable transformation | The Africa-EU Partnership.
  124. 1 2 Strengthening Resilience, Peace, Security and Governance | The Africa-EU Partnership.
  125. ↑ Migration and mobility | The Africa-EU Partnership.
  126. ↑ "AU Darfur mission 'to end soon'". BBC News. 28 June 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5124608.stm.
  127. ↑ Security Council Authorises Deployment of United Nations-African Union 'Hybrid' Peace Operation in Bid To Resolve Darfur Conflict. United Nations.
  128. ↑ "African move on Bashir dismissed". BBC News. 5 July 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8134718.stm.
  129. ↑ Sulaiman, Abubkar o. (1 October 2013). "South Sudan Negotiated Independence: A Critique of African Union's Role". European Journal of Sustainable Development 2 (3): 145–154. DOI:10.14207/ejsd.2013.v2n3p145.
  130. ↑ Shendruk, Amanda (2020-12-31). The world's largest free trade area starts up on Jan. 1, 2021 (en).
  131. ↑ "Profile: African Union". BBC News. 1 July 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/3870303.stm.
  132. 1 2 3 The World Bank DataBank | Explore. Create. Share.
  133. ↑ World Population Prospects 2022. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
  134. ↑ World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100 (XSLX). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
  135. ↑ Office, Human Development Report. 2015 Human Development Report.
  136. ↑ The Fragile States Index 2016 | The Fund for Peace.
  137. ↑ e.V., Transparency International. "Corruption Perceptions Index 2016". transparency.org. http://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016.
  138. ↑ Index of Economic Freedom: Promoting Economic Opportunity and Prosperity by Country.
  139. ↑ Vision of Humanity.
  140. ↑ "2016 World Press Freedom Index | Reporters Without Borders". RSF. https://rsf.org/en/ranking.
  141. ↑ Democracy Index 2016.
  142. ↑ Eritrea. Central Intelligence Agency.
  143. ↑ Libya. Central Intelligence Agency.
  144. ↑ Mauritania. Central Intelligence Agency.
  145. ↑ Somalia. Central Intelligence Agency.
  146. ↑ Western Sahara. Central Intelligence Agency.

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